The article describes the actual problem of the introduction of nanotechnology in various fields of activity and existing technologies of the oil industry. The expediency of using nanotechnology to increase oil recovery, in the production of metal alloys to increase their strength characteristics and corrosion resistance, insulating coatings to reduce heat losses, lubricants that reduce wear of mating surfaces, in laboratory studies is shown. The results of the application of various nanotechnologies in the oil industry are presented.