Residential building material stocks and component-level circularity: The case of Singapore

Arora, Mohit; Raspall, Félix; Cheah, Lynette; Silva, Arlindo

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.199

Cited by 77 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…To calculate the MS in buildings, many researchers use a bottom-up approach (Lanau et al, 2019;Schiller et al, 2017). In this approach, material intensities (MIs, also termed MI coefficients-MICs) of buildings are determined by analyzing case studies (Gontia, Nägeli, Rosado, Kalmykova, & Österbring, 2018;Mesta, Kahhat, & Santa-Cruz, 2019;Ortlepp, Gruhler, & Schiller, 2016;Ortlepp, Gruhler, & Schiller, 2018;Yang et al, 2020), taking values from the literature and statistics (Arora, Raspall, Cheah, & Silva, 2019;Condeixa, Haddad, & Boer, 2017;Deetman et al, 2020;Guo, Miatto, Shi, & Tanikawa, 2019;Han & Xiang, 2013;Lederer et al, 2020;Marcellus-Zamora, Gallagher, Spatari, & Tanikawa, 2016;Marinova, Deetman, van der Voet, & Daioglou, 2020;Mastrucci, Marvuglia, Popovici, Leopold, & Benetto, 2017;Miatto et al, 2019;Reyna & Chester, 2015;Tanikawa & Hashimoto, 2009;Tanikawa et al, 2015;Wiedenhofer, Steinberger, Eisenmenger, & Haas, 2015), or a mix of both (Hu et al, 2010;Kleemann, Lederer, Rechberger, & Fellner, 2017;Lanau & Liu, 2020;Schebek et al, 2017;Stephan & Athanassiadis, 2017;Surahman, Higashi, & Kubota, 2017). MIs are expressed in mass per reference value (RV) of a service unit.…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the material intensities of buildings selected by random sampling: A case study from Vienna

Lederer

Fellner

Gassner

et al. 2021

J of Industrial Ecology

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Many studies calculate the material stock of buildings by using material intensities and reference values for building dimensions. Often, they lack a clear definition of and transparency in the selection of buildings to be analyzed, as well as adequate description for the determination of the material intensities of buildings. This article presents a randomized selection of buildings and determination of their material intensities using the case study of Vienna. On the basis of a digital geo-information building model, buildings were categorized according to their age, use, and volume. From each category, samples were randomly selected and their material intensities as well as different building dimensions were determined based on building documents such as plans. The building dimensions were used to express the material intensities related to different reference values. The 256 objects analyzed correspond to a sample size of 0.11% relative to the total number and 0.22% relative to the total gross volume of objects in Vienna. Although the total material intensities were comparable to other studies, the material intensities of insulation materials in older buildings were found to be higher in this study because of a higher representativeness of the data used. In addition, the expression of the material intensities related to different reference values such as area or volume of buildings improved comparability with other studies. Nevertheless, further research is required, particularly concerning the selection of representative samples of buildings.

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Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the material intensities of buildings selected by random sampling: A case study from Vienna

Lederer

Fellner

Gassner

et al. 2021

J of Industrial Ecology

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“…Few studies of component reuse that have been implemented in practice exist (Arora, Raspall, Cheah, & Silva, 2019). Uptake of component reuse is limited by supply: few modular components have been used historically; therefore, matching specifications of supplied with demanded components (in the right place and time) is complex.…”

Section: Decarbonization Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decarbonizing the cementitious materials cycle: A whole‐systems review of measures to decarbonize the cement supply chain in the UK and European contexts

Pamenter

Myers

2021

J of Industrial Ecology

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This paper presents a semi‐quantitative review of measures to achieve net‐zero greenhouse gas emissions (“decarbonization”) in the cementitious materials (CMs) cycle, that is, activities directly related to cement spanning extraction through to end of life. It focuses on the United Kingdom and Europe in order to relate these measures, comprising emissions, energy, and material efficiency, to the policy landscape. We summarize our findings in an annotated CMs cycle, produced by reconciling the diverse yet relatively underdeveloped literature on the topic, to quantify decarbonization potentials of the various measures in a systematic manner. We find that decarbonization measures with significant potential exist along the entire CMs cycle, although upstream (of use), energy, and emission efficiency measures are better quantified than downstream (of use) and material efficiency measures. Notably, the decarbonization potentials of recycling technologies and the ways in which technological advancements may transform the CMs cycle and thus the stocks, flows, and processing of materials, as well as effectiveness of decarbonization measures, are poorly understood. Therefore, this paper provides a basis to systematically understand the effects of emissions, energy, and material efficiency measures on decarbonization of the CMs cycle and, in this context, the interplay between technology, economic actors, and policy. This article met the requirements for a gold–gold JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.

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“…A bottom-up method is a coefficient-based approach for quantifying material stocks and identifying flow behavior [60,114]. It entails splitting the stock into distinct material compartments based on their usage (e.g., buildings, vehicles) and then calculating the amounts of material in those compartments by multiplying the material composition indicators, such as the material intensity coefficient, by the physical parameters that define the size of the compartment (e.g., floor area and height).…”

Section: The Bottom-up Mfamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mining the Built Environment: Telling the Story of Urban Mining

Fahid

Dombi

2021

Buildings

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Materials are continuously accumulating in the human-built environment since massive amounts of materials are required for building, developing, and maintaining cities. At the end of their life cycles, these materials are considered valuable sources of secondary materials. The increasing construction and demolition waste released from aging stock each year make up the heaviest, most voluminous waste outflow, presenting challenges and opportunities. These material stocks should be utilized and exploited since the reuse and recycling of construction materials would positively impact the natural environment and resource efficiency, leading to sustainable cities within a grander scheme of a circular economy. The exploitation of material stock is known as urban mining. In order to make these materials accessible for future mining, material quantities need to be estimated and extrapolated to regional levels. This demanding task requires a vast knowledge of the existing building stock, which can only be obtained through labor-intensive, time-consuming methodologies or new technologies, such as building information modeling (BIM), geographic information systems (GISs), artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning. This review paper gives a general overview of the literature body and tracks the evolution of this research field.

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Residential building material stocks and component-level circularity: The case of Singapore

Cited by 77 publications

References 40 publications

Determining the material intensities of buildings selected by random sampling: A case study from Vienna

Determining the material intensities of buildings selected by random sampling: A case study from Vienna

Decarbonizing the cementitious materials cycle: A whole‐systems review of measures to decarbonize the cement supply chain in the UK and European contexts

Mining the Built Environment: Telling the Story of Urban Mining

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