Residential exposure to plasticizers and its possible role in the pathogenesis of asthma.

Øie, Leif; Hersoug, Lars-Georg; Madsen, Jørgen Steen

doi:10.1289/ehp.97105972

Cited by 211 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In studies by Jaakkola et al (1999Jaakkola et al ( , 2000 in Norway and Finland, the questionnaire data on amount of plastic in the home was used as a surrogate for phthalate exposure; the authors assumed that this phthalate was mainly diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). Work by Oie et al (1997) in Norway suggests that even though DEHP has a low vapor pressure, it is commonly found in indoor air on suspended particulate in homes and thus represents a potential route of respiratory exposure. In Boston, phthalates have been detected in the dust and air in a small study of residential and office settings, with high-molecular-weight phthalates (e.g., DEHP) found in higher concentration in dust and low-molecular-weight phthalates (e.g., dibutyl phthalate) found in higher concentrations in air (Rudel et al 2001(Rudel et al , 2003.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phthalate exposure and pulmonary function.

Hoppin

Ulmer

London

2004

Environ Health Perspect

129

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Exposure to phthalates is widespread because of their use in plastics, cosmetics, and other consumer products. Phthalate exposure has been associated with adverse respiratory outcomes in children. With urinary phthalate measures, we assessed the association between phthalate exposure and four pulmonary function parameters [forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at 1 sec (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and maximum mid-expiratory flow] among the 240 adult Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) participants with urinary phthalate data. Linear regression models controlled for race, age, age squared, standing height, body mass index, cumulative smoking, and current smoking. Monobutyl phthalate (MBP) was significantly associated with decrements in three measures of pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1, PEF) in males but not in females. For a change from the 25th to the 75th percentile in MBP level among men, FEV1 decreased 112 mL (SE = 51, p = 0.03). Monoethyl phthalate (MEP) was associated with lower FVC and FEV1 values in men. Monoethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), the metabolite of the plasticizer commonly used in medical tubing, was not adversely associated with any of the pulmonary function parameters evaluated. Our results suggest that MBP and MEP, but not MEHP, may influence pulmonary function among adult males.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phthalate exposure and pulmonary function.

Hoppin

Ulmer

London

2004

Environ Health Perspect

129

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“…35 In addition to their classification as HAAs, 57,61 phthalates have been hypothesized to play a role in asthma. 67 Alkylphenols are also clearly prevalent and abundant in indoor environments, based on our small sample. Our findings confirm reports by other researchers that pesticides are common in indoor environments and that levels in some homes can be substantial.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Identification of Selected Hormonally Active Agents and Animal Mammary Carcinogens in Commercial and Residential Air and Dust Samples

Rudel

Brody

Spengler

et al. 2001

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

126

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In order to characterize typical indoor exposures to chemicals of interest for research on breast cancer and other hormonally mediated health outcomes, methods were developed to analyze air and dust for target compounds that have been identified as animal mammary carcinogens or hormonally active agents and that are used in commercial or consumer products or building materials. These methods were applied to a small number of residential and commercial environments to begin to characterize the extent of exposure to these classes of compounds. Phenolic compounds, including nonylphenol, octylphenol, bisphenol A, and the methoxychlor metabolite 2,2-bis (p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (HPTE), were extracted, derivatized, and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)-selective ion monitoring (SIM). Selected phthalates, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were extracted and IMPLICATIONS Methods pilot-tested in this study can contribute to assessment of exposures to complex mixtures of hormonally active agents in homes. The 33 compounds detected, including phthalates, alkylphenols, and pesticides, are toxicologically important chemicals that are widespread in indoor environments, making them priorities for future research and regulatory evaluation. They also provide tools for the study of hormonally mediated health outcomes, including breast cancer. Application of these methods to a larger number of homes, with analysis of the relationship between indoor air and dust measures and urine measurements for selected analytes, is underway.analyzed by GC/MS-SIM. Residential and workplace samples showed detectable levels of twelve pesticides in dust and seven in air samples. Phthalates were abundant in dust (0.3-524 µg/g) and air (0.005-2.8 µg/m 3 ). Nonylphenol and its mono-and di-ethoxylates were prevalent in dust (0.82-14 µg/g) along with estrogenic phenols such as bisphenol A and o-phenyl phenol. In this 7-sample pilot study, 33 of 86 target compounds were detected in dust, and 24 of 57 target compounds were detected in air. In a single sample from one home, 27 of the target compounds were detected in dust and 15 in air, providing an indication of chemical mixtures to which humans are typically exposed. INTRODUCTIONBreast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in the United States and western Europe 1 and the leading cause of cancer death in women aged 35-54.2 Wide variations in breast cancer incidence around the world

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“…The mechanism of action of volatile organic compounds exposure may be allergic sensitization mediated by a Th 2 cell phenotype. [29] Another indoor factor was the use of phthalates in building materials e.g. DEHP (di-ethylhexyl phthalate which is a plasticizer).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%