“…Front gardens are an example of semi-private space, where design and management are under the owner's full autonomy, but where features and activities are also open to public view and comment Gardening is a common leisure activity around the world and thus can have multiple roles, meanings, and experiences for gardeners. The provision and extent of domestic gardens has been studied in various national contexts including Romania (Badiu et al, 2019), Germany (Wellmann et al, 2020), India (Balooni et al, 2014), Ecuador (Finerman & Sackett, 2003), Chile (Reyes-Paecke & Meza, 2011), South Africa (King & Shackleton, 2020), Belgium (Notteboom, 2018), and Spain (Garcia-Garcia et al, 2020). While leisure activities have an inherent sense of positivity (Cheng & Pegg, 2016;Perkins & Nakamura, 2013), this research presents the intimate relationships specifically relevant between UK gardeners and their front gardens, whether they are planting ornamental plants or produce for home consumption.…”