Residential mobility during pregnancy and the potential for ambient air pollution exposure misclassification

Assessing the Influence of Traffic-related Air Pollution on Risk of Term Low Birth Weight on the Basis of Land-Use-based Regression Models and Measures of Air Toxics

“…Exposure estimates were assigned on the basis of the birth certificate address. While approximately 20% of Los Angeles County women move during pregnancy (27), they typically stay within the same neighborhood, so monitoring station-based exposure estimates do not change substantially (66,67). The effect of residential mobility on LUR-estimated exposures is not known.…”

Extreme winter temperature and birth defects: A population-based case-control study

“…Thus, heterogeneity of outdoor and indoor temperatures, time-activity patterns (e.g., time spent inside and outside at home, work), and thermoregulating behaviors (e.g., indoor heater use, choice of clothing) were not taken into account (Lawlor et al, 2005;Nethery et al, 2009). In a previous study to evaluate residential mobility during pregnancy and the potential for ambient air pollution exposure misclassification in upstate New York, 16.5% of mothers moved during pregnancy and most moved a short distance within the same exposure region (Chen et al, 2010). Confounding may be present due to unmeasured nutritional factors, infection, indoor air pollution, and other factors which vary by season (Chodick et al, 2009;Elter et al, 2004;Murray et al, 2000;Strand et al, 2011).…”

Exposure misclassification due to residential mobility during pregnancy

“…Previous studies addressing the issue of mobility have reported that exposure does not differ significantly if using maternal residential address at delivery rather than address at conception, implying that use of the former is adequate to estimate exposure during the critical early stages of pregnancy (Chen et al, 2010;Lupo et al, 2010). Chen et al (2010) explored the impact of mobility on exposure to ozone and PM10 in 1324 women in New York, 16.5% of whom moved during pregnancy.…”

“…Chen et al (2010) explored the impact of mobility on exposure to ozone and PM10 in 1324 women in New York, 16.5% of whom moved during pregnancy. There was a good agreement between exposure quartiles measured at conception and delivery (Kappa ≥0.78, p < 0.01), however the spatial resolution of the exposure data was low; the study area was divided into only seven air monitoring regions of between 247-11,790 and 628-10,760 square miles for ozone and PM10 respectively.…”