Residential real estate: consequences of military aggression

Abstract

The article analyzes the main consequences of military aggression on residential real estate in Ukraine. An analysis of direct losses: their cumulative assessment and the dynamics of change during the year of the war was carried out, which showed that the total amount of documented direct losses amounted to $143.8 billion in compensation value. These losses concern residential and non-residential real estate and other infrastructure. It has been established that mass shelling of cities significantly destroys the housing stock in cities, especially those close to the front line. According to preliminary estimates, as of June 2022, more than 50% of the housing stock was damaged or destroyed in 23 settlements due to hostilities in the Russian Federation. An assessment of direct losses by type of property was carried out, which showed that the most signifi-cant part of the total volume of direct losses is losses of residential buildings - 37.3%. An analysis of the number of partially damaged or destroyed housing stock was carried out by the region of Ukraine. Thus, about 136,000 residential buildings were destroyed or damaged, including 136,000 private houses, 17,600 apartment buildings, and 302 dormitories. Accord-ing to estimates, residential buildings in the territory of Ukraine were damaged or destroyed in an area of 83.1 million m2, which is 8.2% of the total area of the housing stock. It is emphasized that the destruction of residential real estate is a severe problem since the inhabitants of these cities are forced to look for new places to live, and the restoration of the housing stock takes a lot of time and money. Various approaches can be used to solve this problem, including state sup-port for housing restoration, attracting foreign investment, developing new urban development projects, and other measures. It is noted that according to experts' calculations, in the best case, it may take from 3 to 5 years to restore the housing stock completely, but only if all the necessary resources are available. The problem is not limited to money, as it also requires large numbers of builders and building materials that have yet to be produced or imported in such volumes. The issue of financing the restoration of the housing stock remains relevant. State funds have been allocated for repairing and restoring more than 11,000 objects, which is only 13% of the required amount. Keywords: real estate, residential real estate, military aggression, internally displaced persons, temporary housing.