Residential segregation by nationalities: A global and multilevel approach to Barcelona and Madrid (2008–2018)

Abstract

This paper analyzes patterns of residential segregation for many nationalities in Barcelona and Madrid during the 2008-2018 period. In the first year, the financial bubble burst, halting the exponential growth of immigrants and in the second, after the great recession, the arrival of immigrant population resumes. The multilevel analysis for the dissimilarity index is applied for the first time to Spanish cities.Complementing the results of global indices with the multilevel framework provides a richer and more detailed profile of segregation patterns. Based on these results, a typology of segregation patterns by nationalities was carried out. Global indices show higher segregation in Madrid than in Barcelona, and multilevel results evidence increasing and extending areas of high concentration of immigrants and mixing neighbourhoods. The cluster analysis demonstrates that, in this case, segregation patterns are not the same for continents or income levels of countries of origin. The results provide nuanced empirical evidence of place stratification and ethnic enclave models.

Random Forest Variable Importance Measures for Spatial Dynamics: Case Studies from Urban Demography

“…A major strength of the study is its detailed geographical scale, using 100 metre grid cells, and its extensive examination of a large number of CoOs that have not been studied before. To date, most studies have focused on broad regions of origin or racial composition and various aggregated administrative units [24,28,55,88].…”

“…Recently, there has been a growing trend in the use of geocoded, register and census population data in segregation analysis. These applications cover a wide methodological range, including sequential studies [47], longitudinal analyses [28,54], the use of indices [55,56] and the adoption of the individualised neighbourhood concept [57][58][59][60]. Notably, the latter examples simultaneously address issues related to the modifiable aerial unit problem (MAUP; [61,62]), which has raised difficulties because the spatial units for which segregation is measured influence segregation outcomes [62,63].…”

From South Asia to Southern Europe: a comparative analysis of Sri Lankans’ residential segregation in the main Italian cities using high-resolution data on regular lattice geographies

“…Moreover, individual studies have addressed the residential segregation of foreign populations within specific southern European countries. It is worth mentioning the contributions by Arapoglou (2006), Arapoglou and Sayas (2009), Maloutas and Arapoglou (2016), Maloutas et al (2019) and Kandylis et al (2012) for Greece, and those by Benassi and Iglesias-Pascual (2023), Gastón-Guiu and Bayona-i-Carrasco (2023), Iglesias-Pascual (2019), López-Gay et al (2020) and Martori and Madariaga (2023) for Spain. Studies focusing on Italy are fewer than those concerning the realities of other European countries.…”

“…It shapes the socio-spatial structures of contemporary urban and metropolitan contexts, affects urban spaces and influences host societies' demographic structures (Benassi et al, 2020a;Portes, 2000;Strozza et al, 2016). Recent decades have seen a significant increase in immigration flows towards Europe, particularly in its southern regions (Martori & Madariaga, 2023;Strozza, 2010). This trend, boosted by the 2008 financial and economic crisis and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, has contributed to the consolidation of social, economic and residential segregation in European cities (Allen et al, 2004;Musterd et al, 2017;Tammaru et al, 2016).…”

Age, gender, and cohort in residential segregation: The case of African immigrants in Spain, 2000–2020

“…In the case of Spain, studies on the dynamics of segregation of the immigrant population are recent as they only began to gain relevance over the last two decades, coinciding with the intense migratory boom of the early years of the 20th century (Martori & Apparicio, 2011;Musterd & Fullaondo, 2008;Bayona-i-Carrasco, 2007), which meant heightened demographic and residential complexity and dynamics, and the reshaping of Spanish society as a result of the intense compositional diversification of the population. The availability of an annual population register (Padrón Continuo) enables the study of segregation from an evolutionary perspective that shows declining indicators as the volume of settled immigrants increases, with clear differences among origins (Bayona-i-Carrasco & López-Gay, 2011;Domínguez-Mujica et al, 2010;Martori & Madariaga, 2023).…”