Residential Segregation by Race and Ethnicity and the Changing Geography of Neighborhood Poverty

Hess, Chris

doi:10.1007/s40980-020-00066-3

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…As infrastructure and housing stocks age, disparities in water quality across communities could worsen, particularly if poverty becomes more concentrated. This appears to be occurring in older suburbs of the United States-neighborhood poverty has increased in these areas, which disproportionately represent African American and Latino populations (Hess, 2021).…”

Section: Conceptual Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in drinking water compliance: Implications for incorporating equity into regulatory practices

Allaire

Acquah

2022

AWWA Water Science

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Disparities in drinking water quality pose harm to public health across the United States. Yet, few studies have systematically analyzed disproportionate exposure to impaired drinking water. This study sheds light on disparities in healthbased drinking water violations and the shortcomings of regulatory assessment that only considers equity in terms of variation in compliance across system size. We examine the relationship between health-based violations, utility size, and socioeconomic factors, using probit regression and a balanced panel dataset of 1693 community water systems in California from 2000 to 2018. Demographics of water systems are developed using areal weighting. We find evidence of water equity concerns.Violation rates are several times higher at systems serving low-income areas and communities of color. These disparities are present even in models stratified by size of service population. Our findings highlight that equity in environmental regulation could be improved by considering factors beyond system scale.

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Section: Conceptual Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in drinking water compliance: Implications for incorporating equity into regulatory practices

Allaire

Acquah

2022

AWWA Water Science

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“…For instance, in the United States, most vulnerable groups (e.g., lower‐income earners, African Americans and Latinos) live in neighborhoods with few or no green spaces, which in turn reduces the chances of outdoor activities (Astell‐Burt et al., 2014; Landau et al., 2020). Furthermore, those disadvantaged groups have poor educational spaces and limited access to healthcare, jobs and beneficial social networks (Firebaugh & Acciai, 2016) and are also less likely to visit green and enriching environments within metropolitan areas (Hess, 2020; Wang et al., 2018). In fact, the exposure to poor environments and neighborhoods within cities has increased over the last 30 years, with people from rural and nonurban areas showing as half the exposure to such contexts as that of city dwellers (Hess, 2020).…”

Section: The Stress Of Living In Urban Areas In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, those disadvantaged groups have poor educational spaces and limited access to healthcare, jobs and beneficial social networks (Firebaugh & Acciai, 2016) and are also less likely to visit green and enriching environments within metropolitan areas (Hess, 2020; Wang et al., 2018). In fact, the exposure to poor environments and neighborhoods within cities has increased over the last 30 years, with people from rural and nonurban areas showing as half the exposure to such contexts as that of city dwellers (Hess, 2020). Thus, populations living in disadvantaged environments are more likely to be both segregated and isolated from more stimulating contexts, which also may exacerbate their exposure to other stressors commonly found in poor neighborhoods (e.g., violence and crime).…”

Section: The Stress Of Living In Urban Areas In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

The environmental enrichment model revisited: A translatable paradigm to study the stress of our modern lifestyle

Rojas-Carvajal

Sequeira‐Cordero

Brenes

2021

Eur J of Neuroscience

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In humans, stress represents a major vulnerability factor for developing different neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety and schizophrenia. Consequently, different preclinical stress models have been developed for studying biobehavioural factors underlying psychopathology (Italia et al., 2020). For these models to be considered reliable and informative, multiple methodological, empirical, and theoretical criteria should be fulfilled to ensure that the obtained results

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“…Such foreclosure-induced migration at the individual level aggregates to reconfigure the sociodemographic makeup of neighborhoods. On a broader secular trend level, other scholars have documented the shifting spatial organization and changing demography of neighborhood poverty since the 1990s, with the proportion of poor neighborhoods in suburbs increasing and, in the case of Chicago, a deconcentration of neighborhood poverty (Hess 2020;Jargowsky 2013;McDonald 2004). Such period "shocks" and trends likely redirect the residential pathways differently between racial/ethnic groups, and between individuals at different life stages.…”

Section: The Racial Demography Of Neighborhood Stratification Through the Lens Of The Life Coursementioning

confidence: 99%

The Consistency of White Advantage and the Heterogeneity of Nonwhite Disadvantage: Neighborhood Trajectories over Two Decades in the Lives of Multiple Birth Cohorts

Candipan

Sampson²

2021

Preprint

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Sociological research has established the greater exposure of African Americans from all income groups to disadvantaged environments compared to whites, but the traditional focus in studies of neighborhood stratification obscures heterogeneity within racial/ethnic groups in residential attainment over time. Also obscured are the moderating influences of broader social changes on the life-course and the experiences of Latinos, a large and growing presence in American cities. We address these issues by examining group-based trajectory models of residential neighborhood disadvantage among whites, Blacks, and Latinos in a multi-cohort longitudinal research design of over 1,000 children from Chicago as they transitioned to adulthood over the last quarter century. We find dynamic consistency among whites and dynamic heterogeneity among nonwhites in exposure to residential disadvantage, especially Blacks and those born in the 1980s compared to the 1990s. Racial and cohort differences are not accounted for by early-life characteristics that predict long-term attainment. Inequalities by race in trajectories of neighborhood disadvantage are thus at once more stable and more dynamic than previous research suggests, and they are modified by broader social changes. These findings offer insights on the changing pathways by which neighborhood racial inequality is produced.

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Residential Segregation by Race and Ethnicity and the Changing Geography of Neighborhood Poverty

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

Disparities in drinking water compliance: Implications for incorporating equity into regulatory practices

Disparities in drinking water compliance: Implications for incorporating equity into regulatory practices

The environmental enrichment model revisited: A translatable paradigm to study the stress of our modern lifestyle

The Consistency of White Advantage and the Heterogeneity of Nonwhite Disadvantage: Neighborhood Trajectories over Two Decades in the Lives of Multiple Birth Cohorts

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