Residual compost from the production of Bactris gasipaes Kunth and Pleurotus ostreatus as soil conditioners for Lactuca sativa ‘Veronica’

Abstract

This study evaluated the residual compost from the production of Bactris gasipaes Kunth (pupunha heart of palm) (RP) and the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (RM). The residuals were used as soil conditioners for Lactuca sativa ‘Veronica’ crops. After adding RP and RM to the soil, all treatments exhibited similar behaviors and soils in each treatment were classified as eutrophic. Soil treatments involving increased application of residual compost resulted in the production of lettuce with greater widths because of an increase in the angle between the stem and leaf, resulting from a lack of nitrogen available to the plant. Soil treatments with 5% of RP and RM resulted in a 1.7 and 1.2 times (44% and 22%, respectively) decrease in dry weight of lettuce, as compared to the soil without residual compost addition. The addition of RP and RM as soil substrate reduced the growth of lettuce compared to the soil without residual compost. In general, the possibility of replacing chemical fertilizers (NPK) with RP or RM without previous composting was found to be inefficient. The resultant dry weight parameters were below the commercial level, and a complete period of composting RP and RM was deemed necessary for incorporating nitrogen into the soil. Lignocellulosic mushrooms such as Pleurotus spp. present highly fibrous residual compost with low nitrogen content, thus requiring a full period of composting before subsequent use in soil enrichment for various crops.

Enzymatic activities and analysis of a mycelium-based composite formation using peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) residues on Lentinula edodes

“…Peach palm residues (Bellettini et al 2017) are described to have a nutrient competition, mainly nitrogen, between the soil, for its composting process, and the plant. When peach-palm residues act as compost for lettuce, it leads to a lack of nitrogen availability to the plant and reduces its normal growth.…”

“…When peach-palm residues act as compost for lettuce, it leads to a lack of nitrogen availability to the plant and reduces its normal growth. In addition, authors recommend a period of maturation of these residues before composting, but such allocated time, which is between 2 and 6 months (Chang 1987;Bellettini et al 2017), could well be undermined with alternative usages, since they are very nutritious (Helm et al 2013).…”

Mycelium-grown composites as a multidisciplinary way for the development of innovative materials for design and architecture

“…As concerns the use of waste biomass for inoculation of mycelium and production of composites, one of the most diffuse agricultural systems is the one based on palms. In particular, not all types of palm biomass lead to a significant effectiveness in terms of composting: a study undertaken in the case of peach palm residue highlighted some decrease in plant growth by blending it in compost (Bellettini et al, 2017). In this context, using peach palm sheaths, in combination with cassava bran and with further nitrogen provided by cooked soy flour, together with ammonium sulphate and potassium nitrate, while ensuring the best conditions for pH, moisture, and water activity, allowed reporting compression strength values in the order of polystyrene [36].…”

Inoculação De Substrato Colonizado Como Alternativa Aos Pequenos Produtores De Cogumelos Comestíveis No Brasil

“…Ainda, o cultivo de cogumelos por olericultores é válido, uma vez que oportuniza a ciclagem de nutrientes gerados na propriedade, de forma que o resíduo agrícola possa ser utilizado como substrato de cultivo de cogumelos (MANDEEL et al, 2005;SIQUEIRA et al, 2011;SINGH e SINGH, 2012;SIQUEIRA et al, 2012) e, posteriormente, o composto exaurido, obtido ao final dos ciclos de frutificação dos cogumelos, possa ser utilizado como substrato para a produção de mudas de hortaliças e/ou aplicado em canteiros de culturas de hortaliças como condicionador de solo, como demonstrado na Figura 3, oportunizando o retorno de nutrientes e dando uma significação agroecológica e sustentável a sua produção, agregando valor à atividade econômica do pequeno produtor rural (MARQUES et al, 2014;LOPES et al, 2015;BELLETTINI et al, 2017).…”