Residual Lung Lesions at 1-year CT after COVID-19

Lee, Kyung Soo; Wi, Yu Mi

doi:10.1148/radiol.2021212350

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, in a study by Luger and colleagues ( 103 ), 54% of patients showed CT abnormalities at 1 year after the onset of COVID-19 symptoms, demonstrating extensive GGO, reticulations, bronchial dilation, microcystic changes, or, in 20% of patients, a combination of these ( Fig 12 ). Factors associated with persistent CT abnormalities at 1-year follow-up include older age, male sex, peripheral blood lymphopenia, critical COVID-19 severity, and severe pneumonia and/or ARDS ( 104 ).…”

Section: Complications and Their Clinical And Imaging Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Emerging Knowledge in COVID-19

Jeong

Park

et al. 2023

Radiology

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COVID-19 has emerged as a pandemic leading to a global public health crisis of unprecedented morbidity. A comprehensive insight into the imaging of COVID-19 has enabled early diagnosis, stratification of disease severity, and identification of potential sequelae. The evolution of COVID-19 can be divided into early infectious, pulmonary, and hyperinflammatory phases. Clinical features, imaging features, and management are different among the three phases. In the early stage, peripheral ground-glass opacities are predominant CT findings, and therapy directly targeting SARS-CoV-2 is effective. In the later stage, organizing pneumonia or diffuse alveolar damage pattern are predominant CT findings and anti-inflammatory therapies are more beneficial. The risk of severe disease or hospitalization is lower in breakthrough or Omicron variant infection compared with nonimmunized or Delta variant infections. The protection rates of the fourth dose of mRNA vaccination were 34% and 67% against overall infection and hospitalizations for severe illness, respectively. After acute COVID-19 pneumonia, most residual CT abnormalities gradually decreased in extent, but they may remain as linear or multifocal reticular or cystic lesions. Advanced insights into the pathophysiologic and imaging features of COVID-19 along with vaccine benefits have improved patient care, but emerging knowledge of post–COVID-19 condition, or long COVID, also presents radiology with new challenges. © RSNA, 2023 Supplemental material is available for this article.

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Section: Complications and Their Clinical And Imaging Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Emerging Knowledge in COVID-19

Jeong

Park

et al. 2023

Radiology

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“…Unfortunately, not all survivors of COVID-19 have recovered their previous health status after the SARS-CoV-2 infection, with some of them, especially those who presented severe or critical disease, still complaining of symptoms related to the disease and presenting with lung abnormalities on chest computed tomography (CT) several months after recovery [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, the number of papers reporting the long-term sequelae of COVID-19 one year or more after infection is progressively increasing, particularly those related to residual lung abnormalities observed on follow-up chest CT [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. The frequency of lung parenchymal abnormalities on chest CT examinations performed at one-year follow-up varies according to the severity of COVID-19 (it is greater in patients with severe or critical disease), age (it is greater in patients aged 50 years or older), sex (it is greater in men), length of hospitalization (it is greater in longer hospitalization lengths), invasive ventilation use (it is greater in patients who required invasive ventilation), and sample selection [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual Lung Abnormalities in Survivors of Severe or Critical COVID-19 at One-Year Follow-Up Computed Tomography: A Narrative Review Comparing the European and East Asian Experiences

Borghesi,

Ciolli,

Antonelli

et al. 2023

Tomography

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The literature reports that there was a significant difference in the medical impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic between European and East Asian countries; specifically, the mortality rate of COVID-19 in Europe was significantly higher than that in East Asia. Considering such a difference, our narrative review aimed to compare the prevalence and characteristics of residual lung abnormalities at one-year follow-up computed tomography (CT) after severe or critical COVID-19 in survivors of European and East Asian countries. A literature search was performed to identify articles focusing on the prevalence and characteristics of CT lung abnormalities in survivors of severe or critical COVID-19. Database analysis identified 16 research articles, 9 from Europe and 7 from East Asia (all from China). Our analysis found a higher prevalence of CT lung abnormalities in European than in Chinese studies (82% vs. 52%). While the most prevalent lung abnormalities in Chinese studies were ground-glass opacities (35%), the most prevalent lung abnormalities in European studies were linear (59%) and reticular opacities (55%), followed by bronchiectasis (46%). Although our findings required confirmation, the higher prevalence and severity of lung abnormalities in European than in Chinese survivors of COVID-19 may reflect a greater architectural distortion due to a more severe lung damage.

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“…Sonographic evaluation of COVID-19-induced lung damage has played a significant role since the first phases of the pandemic. Imaging follow-up of lung lesions after moderate-to-severe symptomatic COVID-19 has been suggested to help identifying patients who deserve a tighter clinical and rehabilitative care and who could benefit from further investigations or treatment [ 1 ]. Chest X-ray and Chest Computed Tomography Scan (CT-Scan) are the main imaging techniques used for such follow-up purposes [ 2 ] because of their wide use and the growing experience on SARS COV-2 infection patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mid-term follow-up with a lung ultrasonographic score correlates with the severity of COVID-19 acute phase

et al. 2022

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Lung ultrasound (LUS) has rapidly emerged in COVID-19 diagnosis and for the follow-up during the acute phase. LUS is not yet used routinely in lung damage follow-up after COVID-19 infection. We investigated the correlation between LUS score, and clinical and laboratory parameters of severity of SARS-COV-2 damage during hospitalization and at follow-up visit. Observational retrospective study including all the patients discharged from the COVID-19 wards, who attended the post-COVID outpatient clinic of the IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo in April–June 2020. 115 patients were enrolled. Follow-up visits with LUS score measurements were at a median of 38 days (IQR 28–48) after discharge. LUS scores were associated with the length of hospitalization ( p < 0.001), patients’ age ( p = 0.036), use of non-invasive ventilation (CPAP p < 0.001 or HFNC p = 0.018), administration of corticosteroids therapy ( p = 0.030), and laboratory parameters during the acute phase (WBC p < 0.001, LDH p < 0.001, CRP p < 0.001, D-dimer p = 0.008, IL-6 p = 0.045), and inversely correlated with lymphocyte count ( p = 0.007). We found correlation between LUS score and both LDH ( p = 0.001) and the antibody anti-SARS-CoV-2 titers ( p value = 0.008). Most of these finding were confirmed by dichothomizing the LUS score (≤ 9 or > 9 points). We found a significantly higher LUS score at the follow-up in the patients with persistent dyspnea (7.00, IQR 3.00–11.00) when compared to eupnoeic patients (3.00, IQR 0–7.00 p < 0.001). LUS score at follow-up visit correlates with more severe lung disease. These findings support the hypothesis that ultrasound could be a valid tool in the follow-up medium-term COVID-19 lung damage.

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Residual Lung Lesions at 1-year CT after COVID-19

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Current and Emerging Knowledge in COVID-19

Current and Emerging Knowledge in COVID-19

Residual Lung Abnormalities in Survivors of Severe or Critical COVID-19 at One-Year Follow-Up Computed Tomography: A Narrative Review Comparing the European and East Asian Experiences

A mid-term follow-up with a lung ultrasonographic score correlates with the severity of COVID-19 acute phase

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