Residual Strength of a Carbon/Epoxy Composite Material Subjected to Repeated Impact

Wyrick, David A.; Adams, Donald F.

doi:10.1177/002199838802200804

Cited by 86 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…According to [11], in repeated impact tests an initial increase in the peak force is possible due to the compaction process of the thin layer of unreinforced resin at the impacted surface. At low impact energy levels, damage to the fibres near the surface is minimal and the compaction process provides a harder surface for the next impact.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vacuum infusion of a composite E-glass vinylester laminate for nautical application: experimental response to repeated impacts

Belingardi¹,

Cavatorta²,

Paolino³

2006

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, Vol 87

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the response to repeated impacts of a non-symmetric glass fibre reinforced laminate. The laminate is intended for a nautical application and the manufacturing technique is vacuum infusion. In a first part of the work, four impact velocities (1.566 m/s, 2.215 m/s, 3.132 m/s and 3.836 m/s) were considered, and a minimum of four specimens for any given velocity were subjected to forty repeated impacts or up to perforation. The impact response was evaluated in terms of damage progression by visual observation of the impacted specimens, evolution of the peak force and of the bending stiffness with the number of impacts and by calculating the damage degree (ratio between the absorbed energy and the impact energy). In a second part of the work, additional single impact tests were performed at 4.429 m/s and 6.264 m/s to investigate the laminate strain-rate sensitivity.Repeated impact tests pointed out that the delamination area grows very rapidly in the first few impacts to then level off, following closely the behaviour of the bending stiffness against the number of impacts. The value of the peak force increases in the first few impacts due to compaction and strain-hardening of the resin with a related decrease of the damage degree. Comparison between quasi-static penetration tests and impact tests demonstrates a strain-rate dependency of the laminate bending stiffness and first damage load. The values of R 2 show a good fitness of a linear function on the experimental data.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vacuum infusion of a composite E-glass vinylester laminate for nautical application: experimental response to repeated impacts

Belingardi¹,

Cavatorta²,

Paolino³

2006

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, Vol 87

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“…This reason among others, like the little number of machines producing cyclic impacts, makes that this field was invested little by researchers. The general assessment on various studies effectuated to date on impact fatigue, shows that no standard configuration of specimens nor of unified experimental device were adopted (Wyrick and Adams [1], Shin and Maekawa [2], Azouaoui et al [3]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compressive and tensile residual strengths of carbon/epoxy composites subjected to repeated impacts were measured by Wyrick and Adams [1]. The authors showed that impact energy level and impact number are the principal factors which influence the degradation of residual strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some insights into the impact fatigue damage behaviour in laminated composites

Ouroua¹,

Azouaoui²,

Mesbah³

et al. 2006

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, Vol 87

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An experimental method for impact fatigue of low energy was devised to provide some insights into the impact fatigue damage behaviour and characterize the response of laminated glass/polyester composites under conditions of increasing impact energy and increasing number of impacts. The impact frequency and subsequent projectile velocity of an impact fatigue apparatus specially designed and fabricated was varied to provide a spread of incident energies. The internal damage as a consequence of repeated impacts was investigated at five different levels of incident impact energy in the range of 3 -7J, with the laminated specimens. The results indicated that the laminates suffered severe microstructural damage under impact fatigue, including cracking of the resin, delaminations, crushing and fracture of the glass fibres. Macroscopic failure mode can also be observed, such as; formation of spherical crater and propagating crack at the back face of plates, formed by the tensileshearing failure of fibre bundles at the weaving level. The delamination behaviour in the laminated specimens depended largely upon the level of incident energy. Well-defined impact fatigue (E-N f ) behaviour, showing an endurance limit at above 10 4 impact cycles, has been demonstrated.

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“…The damage caused by high-velocity impacts is typically visible and also decreases the laminate strength and elastic modulus [48]. As would be expected, penetration-induced fiber breakage is the primary damage mode of highvelocity impacts.…”

Section: Impact Behavior In Generalmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…This is done to understand the energy absorption capabilities of the material, which are an indicator of ductility or stiffness. Research conducted by Wyrick and Adams indicates that there is a minimum impact energy required to cause a reduction in a material's tensile strength [48]. This threshold incident impact energy is primarily affected by laminate thickness and the composite's constituent materials.…”

Section: Low-velocity Impact Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Impact Analysis of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Composite Plates

Mitchell¹

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Residual Strength of a Carbon/Epoxy Composite Material Subjected to Repeated Impact

Cited by 86 publications

References 17 publications

Vacuum infusion of a composite E-glass vinylester laminate for nautical application: experimental response to repeated impacts

Vacuum infusion of a composite E-glass vinylester laminate for nautical application: experimental response to repeated impacts

Some insights into the impact fatigue damage behaviour in laminated composites

Characteristics and Impact Analysis of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Composite Plates

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