Residual stresses in annealed zircaloy

MacEwen, S.R.; Tomé, Carlos N.; Faber, J.

doi:10.1016/0001-6160(89)90025-4

Cited by 84 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Prismatic planes are in a compressive strain state while basal planes are in tensile strain state. These results are similar to previous simulations and experimental results obtained on rolled Zircaloy-2 and a-Zr [2,17]. The directions normal to f21 3 33g and f30 3 32g planes are in compression.…”

Section: Thermal Stressessupporting

confidence: 91%

Interpretation of X-Ray Stress Measurement and Evaluation of Internal Residual Stresses in Rolled ?-Ti40 Using Self-Consistent Models

Gloaguen¹,

François²,

Guillén³

et al. 2002

phys. stat. sol. (a)

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Section: Thermal Stressessupporting

confidence: 91%

Interpretation of X-Ray Stress Measurement and Evaluation of Internal Residual Stresses in Rolled ?-Ti40 Using Self-Consistent Models

Gloaguen¹,

François²,

Guillén³

et al. 2002

phys. stat. sol. (a)

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“…However, the different texture dependence of strength during tension and compression implies that other factors such as the grain shape, the thermal residual stresses and/or twinning may take part of the responsibility for the strength anisotropy and the strength differential observed between tension and compression. Thermal residual stresses have been shown to cause the strength difference in tension and compression in single phase Zircaloy [40][41][42]. Twinning is another potential source for the strength asymmetry due to the strength difference between tensile and compressive twinning, and/or between twinning and dislocation slip [24,37,38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two widely accepted sources for the asymmetric yielding in the ␣ Zr are thermal residual stresses [40][41][42] and twinning [24,37,38]. The ␣ Zr is thermally anisotropic with the thermal expansion coefficient of the c axis is ∼10.3 × 10 −6 K −1 , almost double the value of the a axis, ∼5.8 × 10 −6 K −1 [45].…”

Section: Asymmetry Of Yieldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of interphase and intergranular stresses in Zr–2.5Nb during room temperature deformation

Cai

Daymond

Holt

et al. 2009

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Both in situ tension and compression tests have been carried out on textured Zr-2.5Nb plate material at room temperature. Deformation along all the three principle plate directions has been studied and the evolution of interphase and intergranular strains along the loading and the principle Poisson's directions has been investigated by neutron diffraction. The evolution of interphase and intergranular strain was determined by the relative phase properties, crystal properties and texture distribution. The average phase behaviors are similar during tension and compression, where the ␤-phase in this material is stronger than the ␣-phase. The asymmetric yielding of the ␣-{0002} grain family results in a relatively large intergranular strain in the loading direction during compression and different dependence of strength during tension and compression on texture. The combination of the thermal residual stress and the asymmetric CRSS in the c axis gives the {0002} grain family a higher strength in compression than in tension.

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“…Measurements and analyses of the former source of internal stresses-which would vary from grain to grain such that, overall, they cancel to zero-have been made by McEwen et al [27] for cold-worked Zircaloy-2 plate material. These stresses are of the order of ±100 MPa.…”

Section: Hydride Precipitation In A/b-zr Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective of this study was to obtain additional insights into the role of internal stress on hydride precipitation sites and the associated relationships between hydride habit planes and the average orientations of macroscopic hydrides or hydride clusters. This work built on a previous study of MacEwen et al [25,27] using similar Zircaloy-2 rod material. In this previous study, it was found that samples annealed in the a phase at 600°C developed an average residual tensile stress of *100 MPa on the basal plane after cooling to room temperature, with this stress being effectively independent of grain orientation.…”

Section: Influence Of Prior Deformation On Hydride Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydride Phases, Orientation Relationships, Habit Planes, and Morphologies

Püls¹

2012

The Effect of Hydrogen and Hydrides on the Integrity of Zirconium Alloy Components

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Most of the studies on this topic were carried out from the early 1960s to the mid 1980s. As is described in Chap. 2, hydrides can form as one of three phases, each of which has a different crystal structure and composition. A broad consensus had emerged by the 1980s that the fct c-hydride (c/a [ 1) is a metastable phase while the stable hydride phases are the face-centered-cubic (fcc) d-hydride and the face-centered-tetragonal (fct) e-hydride (c/a \ 1) phases, the stoichiometric compositions of these phases being, respectively, ZrH, ZrH 1.5 , and ZrH 2 . However, recent experimental results have reinvigorated an earlier suggestion that the c-hydride phase could be the stable phase below a peritectoid transformation temperature of *286°C. This issue concerning which phase is the stable one when the solvus concentration is exceeded below the a/b Zr eutectoid temperature of *550°C is not specifically addressed in this book. However, the issue has not been entirely ignored as various aspects of its role in fracture and phase relationships are raised in various places throughout this book, specifically in Chaps. 2, 6, 7, 8 and 9. Regarding the hydride habit planes, a consensus had emerged by the mid 1980s that the predominant habit of d-and c-zirconium hydrides in Zircaloy-2 and Zr-2.5Nb is on the near-basal, hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) a-Zr {1 0 1 7} planes (14°from the basal plane [6], carried out detailed examinations using transmission electron microscopy of the morphology, orientation, dislocations generated, and strain fields in and around hydride precipitates formed in high purity Zr, Zircaloy-2, Zr-1 % Al, and Zr-1 % Cr. All the hydrides observed by Carpenter et al. [12] in these low-H-containing materials were of the c-hydride phase. Figure 3.1 shows dislocations that had been generated by two needle-shaped hydrides nucleated in close proximity of an intermetallic particle. The dislocations around the hydrides were in the form of loop segments attached to the ends of the needles with Burgers vectors of type \1120 [ lying on or near the basal plane. Figure 3.2 shows schematically in a projection on the (0 0 0 1) plane the hydride orientations, dislocation loops, and their Burgers vectors observed. Large strain fields were associated with these small hydrides as seen in Fig. 3.3 which also shows how this strain field made it difficult to reveal the dislocations generated closest to the hydride's interface. Similar strong strain contrast was observed along the basal pole (c) axis direction, but none along the needle direction. Similar results for hydride shapes and dislocations emitted were obtained for the Zr-1 % Cr and Zr-1 % Al materials except that the orientations of the c-hydrides in the latter material were in the \1 0 1 0 [ aÀZr directions. Less regular features for the dislocations generated by hydrides in Zr were found as shown in Figs. 3.4 and 3.5 examined in electron microscopes at 100 kV and 1 MeV, respectively. Nevertheless, these dislocations had similar Burgers vectors as those found attache...

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Residual stresses in annealed zircaloy

Cited by 84 publications

References 7 publications

Interpretation of X-Ray Stress Measurement and Evaluation of Internal Residual Stresses in Rolled ?-Ti40 Using Self-Consistent Models

Interpretation of X-Ray Stress Measurement and Evaluation of Internal Residual Stresses in Rolled ?-Ti40 Using Self-Consistent Models

Evolution of interphase and intergranular stresses in Zr–2.5Nb during room temperature deformation

Hydride Phases, Orientation Relationships, Habit Planes, and Morphologies

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