2007
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2006.12.005
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Residual stresses in thermoplastic composites – a study of the literature. Part III: Effects of thermal residual stresses

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Cited by 213 publications
(132 citation statements)
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“…Micromechanical level -Due to mismatch between thermal expansion coefficients between fibres and the matrix Macro-mechanical level -Due to mismatch in expansion between plies of varying orientation Global level -Due to thermal gradients within the laminate as a whole arising during cooling Common defects caused by these residual stresses include microcracking and delamination [41]. Upon examination under an optical microscope a number of the laminates were found to have residual stressinduced microcracks, before any cryogenic cycling commenced.…”
Section: Post-processing Crackingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Micromechanical level -Due to mismatch between thermal expansion coefficients between fibres and the matrix Macro-mechanical level -Due to mismatch in expansion between plies of varying orientation Global level -Due to thermal gradients within the laminate as a whole arising during cooling Common defects caused by these residual stresses include microcracking and delamination [41]. Upon examination under an optical microscope a number of the laminates were found to have residual stressinduced microcracks, before any cryogenic cycling commenced.…”
Section: Post-processing Crackingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Other than that, the large residual stresses generated in the processing of high performance thermoplastic reinforced polymer composites as discussed in [19] need to be considered. The residual stresses occurred due to gradients in cooling rate, thermal shrinkage mismatch and material density.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…mPP, but the resulting interface is still weaker than that of the carbon fibre epoxy. It is common for a stronger interface to lead to a lower impact strength, as more energy is dissipated through fibre pull-out which results from a weak interface [30,33]. However, according to …”
Section: 1mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This was particularly clear for fibres transverse to the loading direction. Cracks in randomly orientated fibre composites are impeded by the discontinuities, such as fibre cross-overs [29], and either propagate through the matrix or along the interface, depending on the interfacial strength [30]. When the interface is weak, these interfacial cracks propagate along the length of the fibre and lead to fibre pull-out [31].…”
Section: 1mentioning
confidence: 99%