Residue occurrence and potential risk assessment of HCHs and DDTs in campus surface soils: In case of Jilin University in Changchun, China

Abstract

Hexachlorocyclohexane(HCH) and Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) are typical Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), which were widely used in pest control and insect infestation in China. This study aimed at researching the concentration, potential sources and potential risk of HCH and DDT in Jilin University in Changchun, China. A total of 45 surface soil samples were collected from five land-use types in Jilin University campuses, the contents of were determined by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) with Soxhlet extraction pretreatment technology. The overall HCHs existed the pollution in some campuses, while the DDTs were relatively low without pollution. Results of composition analysis showed that HCHs in campus soils mainly came from the mixed use of technical HCHs and lindane, and DDTs were mainly from the input of historical dicofol products. The potential health risks of HCHs and DDTs to campus populations were very low, while the potential ecological risks of HCHs and DDTs individual isomers should be paid attentions to.

Occurrences, Possible Sources, and Risk Impacts of Organochlorine Pesticides in Soil of Changchun Central Urban Area, Northeast China

“…Contrary to the OCP monitoring results for the soil of most research locations in China [30,31], the concentration of HCHs was higher than that of DDTs in Changchun's central metropolitan area. However, this agrees with the findings of a previous study conducted in the school soil of Changchun [32]. According to Walker et al (1999) [33], the HCHs showed moderately high vapor pressures and a lower octanol-water coefficient Comparing the Changchun central urban area soil's residual levels of HCHs, DDTs, and total OCPs with those of other cities or regions worldwide (Table S3, Supplementary Materials), we found that the residual levels of HCHs and DDTs were comparable to those found in soil samples collected from Anhui, Taiyuan, and Urumqi of China; Korba of India; and Nigeria.…”

“…Contrary to the OCP monitoring results for the soil of most research locations in China [30,31], the concentration of HCHs was higher than that of DDTs in Changchun's central metropolitan area. However, this agrees with the findings of a previous study conducted in the school soil of Changchun [32]. According to Walker et al (1999) [33], the HCHs showed moderately high vapor pressures and a lower octanol-water coefficient (K ow ) than DDT pesticides, which made them easier to volatilize into the atmosphere and transport over a large area.…”

Biomimetic Design of Soil-Engaging Components: A Review

“…A hare's excavation ability is equally impressive, allowing it to quickly dig through numerous, lengthy, and complex underground caverns [69]. Lu [70] designed a bionic ditch opener by combining the structure and motion of hare claw toes. By excavating the soil instead of compressing it, like traditional openers, this design minimizes resistance.…”