Residues of Atrazine andN-deethylated Atrazine in water from five agricultural watersheds in Québec

Abstract

Atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) and N-deethylated atrazine (2-chloro-4-amino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) were monitored (1974 and 1975) in five rivers which drained agricultural areas in the Yamaska river basin of Québec. Water samples were collected frequently from April to December each year from sites near the outflow of each river. The water samples were extracted with benzene, chloroform, or ethyl acetate and the extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography using a Hall electrolytic conductivity detector and an alkali-flame detector. Atrazine and N-deethylated atrazine residues ranged in concentration from 0.01 to 26.6 microgram/L and less than 0.01 to 1.34 microgram/L, respectively, over the monitoring period. The highest levels of atrazine were observed in July each year and they coincided with the herbicide spraying season in this region and with occasional heavy rainfall events. Discharges (kg/yr) of atrazine from the five rivers were related to corn-growing area in each watershed. Losses of atrazine ranged from 0.1 to 2.9% of the atrazine that was estimated to have been applied in each watershed.

Mass Balance Model To Quantify Atrazine Sources, Transformation Rates, and Trends in the Great Lakes

“…A spring flush phenomenon of atrazine in Midwestern rivers has been well described, where 60-90% of annual riverine atrazine flux occurs in the 90 days following application (7,10,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). For eqs 3-10 the subscript symbol (i) is used to denote parameters that vary monthly.…”

Hydroxylated Atrazine Degradation Products in a Small Missouri Stream

“…Widespread contamination of surface waters by atrazine and its N-dealkylated degradation products in the corn production areas of the USA and Canada has been well established over the last twenty years (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). However, surface water contamination by hydroxylated atrazine degradation products (HADPs; hydroxyatrazine, deethylhydroxyatrazine, and deisopropylhydroxyatrazine) has never been thoroughly assessed.…”

Hapten synthesis, antibody development, and competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay for s-triazine herbicides

“…The degree of binding was dependent on the N-alkyl groups present and on the length and position of attachment of the spacer arm. These results illustrate the usefulness of this synthetic approach in easily producing immunogenic haptens for a class of compounds that are difficult to work with because of their low solubility.The s-triazine herbicides are among the most commonly detected pesticides in water (Muir et al, 1978; Glotfelty e t al., 1984;Ervin and Kittleson, 1988;LeMasters and Doyle, 1989). This observation is due to a combination of factors, including widespread and heavy use, chemical and biological stability, and mobility in water.…”