Residues of Fenthion in Corn Silage and Effects of Feeding Dairy Cows the Treated Silage12

Bowman, M. C.; Leuck, D. B.; Johnson, Jr Jc; Knox, F. E.

doi:10.1093/jee/63.5.1523

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, the majority of these experiments focused solely on the parts of the crop that are consumed (corn seeds), [10][11][12][13][14] with only a few conducted for silage corn. Additionally, a large number of pesticides such as fenthion, 15 fenitrothion, 16 chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, and imidacloprid were detected in these studies. 17 Some of these pesticides were outdated, while maize is exposed to a diverse range of chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Simultaneous determination of 27 pesticides in corn and cow matrices by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Hao,

Luo,

Dong

et al. 2023

Anal. Methods

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Simultaneous determination of 27 pesticides in corn and cow matrices by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Hao,

Luo,

Dong

et al. 2023

Anal. Methods

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“…AChE activity in other studies of human [ 78 ], carp [ 90 ], mice [ 59 ] exposed to organophosphate pesticides was significantly lower than the control group. Levels of blood AChE were markedly depressed only in the animals fed on silage from corn treated at a level of 907 g/0.4 ha, and the common health of the animals and their milk production did not seem to be affected by pesticide [ 15 ]. In comparison with other adsorbents to binding toxins [ 94 ], it is concluded that bentonites have unique characteristics followed by kaolin-pectin in affinity of toxins (Kaopectate).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fenthion at low levels (0.006-0.014 m/kg) was found only in the milk of cows fed on contaminated corn silage. The residues were also found in the urine (0.004-0.160 ppm) and feces (0.003-0.156 mg/kg, wet basis) of all cows following consuming of fenthion in the diets [ 15 ]. In this study, only 0.34 (period 1) and 0.36% (period 2) of phosalone residue is found in the feces of the P2 group following daily consumption of it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of phosalone consumption via feeding with or without sodium bentonite on performance, blood metabolites and its transition to milk of Iranian Baluchi sheep

et al. 2017

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BackgroundTransfer of pesticides from environment to animal products is inevitable, so the purpose of the present work was to evaluate phosalone consumption via feeding with or without sodium bentonite (SB) on performance, blood metabolites and its transition to milk of Iranian Baluchi sheep.MethodsTwenty Baluchi ewes were divided into four treatments (P1 as control, P2, P3, and P4) of five animals in which phosalone, an organophosphate pesticide, was given via diet (only for P2 and P3) at a dose of 280 mg/sheep/day for 63 consecutive days. The SB (32 g/sheep/day; for P3 and P4) was also evaluated for its ability to reduce deleterious effects of phosalone in the sheep diets. The control group (P1) did not receive any phosalone and SB during the experiment. Sampling was conducted in two periods of time including weeks 5 and 9.ResultsPhosalone residues were observed in the milk samples of P2 and P3 groups during two sampling periods. During period 1, the transfer rate of phosalone from feed to milk was 0.23 and 0.02%, respectively for the contaminated diets (P2 and P3), which is relatively similar to period 2 (0.22 and 0.02%). Only 0.34 (period 1) and 0.36% (period 2) of phosalone residue are excreted in the feces of P2 group following its daily consumption. Transfer of phosalone from feed to milk was affected (P < 0.05) by the dietary inclusion of a commercial SB, as it (SB) decreased excretion of phosalone via milk (P3). The phosalone and SB alone or together had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on the dry matter intake (DMI) and body weight (BW) gain, but feed efficiency, milk production, milk fat, dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity, hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), albumin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) affected by the treatments in period 1 or 2 (P < 0.05). The Hb, RBC, and MCHC were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) by about 9.72, 20.77, and 9.71%, respectively in the group P2 as compared to those of the control group during period 1. The AChE inhibitory activity (period 1 and 2) significantly increased when phosalone administered via the diet (P < 0.05).ConclusionsAlthough there were no adverse effects on the performance of sheep following the intake of phosalone alone (P2 vs. P1), but other research on the long and short times to the phosalone in high and low doses with more animals is suggested. Overall, compared to the control group, addition of SB in the diet of sheep improved nutrient digestibility, animal performance, and milk health.

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Prediction of Chemical Biotransfer of Organic Chemicals from Cattle Diet into Beef and Milk Using the Molecular Connectivity Index

Dowdy

McKone

Hsieh

1996

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Biotransfer factors (BTFs) represent the ratio of the concentration of a chemical found in animal tissues such as beef or milk to the animal's daily intake of that chemical. Using currently available citations for BTFs in meat and milk, the use of molecular connectivity indices (MCIs) as a quantitative structure−activity relationship (QSAR) for predicting the BTFs for organic chemicals is evaluated. Based on a statistical evaluation of correlation, residual error, and cross validation, this evaluation reveals that the MCI provides both higher reliability and a fast and cost-effective method for predicting the potential biotransfer of a chemical from environmental media into food. When compared to the use of K ow as a predictor of BTFs, the analysis here indicates that MCI can substantially increase the reliability with which BTFs can be estimated.

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Residues of Fenthion in Corn Silage and Effects of Feeding Dairy Cows the Treated Silage12

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Simultaneous determination of 27 pesticides in corn and cow matrices by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Simultaneous determination of 27 pesticides in corn and cow matrices by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Effects of phosalone consumption via feeding with or without sodium bentonite on performance, blood metabolites and its transition to milk of Iranian Baluchi sheep

Prediction of Chemical Biotransfer of Organic Chemicals from Cattle Diet into Beef and Milk Using the Molecular Connectivity Index

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