“…Caniglia, Vallee, and Frank (2016) explore the relationship between different forms of oppression: "the oppression of various devalued groups in human societies is not independent and unrelated [to human-nonhuman oppression]; rather, the arrangements that lead to various forms of oppression are integrated in such a way that the exploitation of one group frequently augments and compounds the mistreatment of others" (p. 22). There is an interweaving thread of othering as a form of domination and control connecting human and nonhuman forms of oppression (Caniglia et al, 2016;Heynen et al, 2006;Plumwood, 2002). For example, food deserts, generally defined as a geographical area where access to healthy food is lacking or non-existent (Widener, 2018), were identified in the 1990s as being associated with poverty, class, and race (Blay-Palmer, 2016).…”