Resilience in Adult Health Science Revisited—A Narrative Review Synthesis of Process-Oriented Approaches

Hiebel, Nina; Rabe, Milena; Maus, Katja; Peusquens, Frank; Radbruch, Lukas; Geiser, Franziska

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.659395

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The CD-RISC, for instance, measures resilience as a conglomerate of characteristics (traits) such as self-efficacy, sense of humor, patience, optimism, and faith [ 72 ]. The BRS conceptualizes resilience rather as a process variable as “the ability to bounce back or recover from stress” [ 73 ], which reflects the general debate about the conceptualization of resilience in adult health science [ 74 ]. Therefore, despite the consistent results on resilience as a statistical protective factor for mental health this result must be interpreted with caution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of medical staff considering the interplay of pandemic burden and psychosocial resources—A rapid systematic review

et al. 2022

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Background In times of the global corona pandemic health care workers (HCWs) fight the disease at the frontline of healthcare services and are confronted with an exacerbated load of pandemic burden. Psychosocial resources are thought to buffer adverse effects of pandemic stressors on mental health. This rapid review summarizes evidence on the specific interplay of pandemic burden and psychosocial resources with regard to the mental health of HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal was to derive potential starting points for supportive interventions. Methods We conducted a rapid systematic review following the recommendations of the Cochrane Rapid Reviews Methods Group. We searched 7 databases in February 2021 and included peer-reviewed quantitative studies, that reported related data on pandemic stressors, psychosocial resources, and mental health of HCWs. Results 46 reports were finally included in the review and reported data on all three outcomes at hand. Most studies (n = 41) applied a cross-sectional design. Our results suggest that there are several statistically significant pandemic risk factors for mental health problems in HCWs such as high risk and fear of infection, while resilience, active and emotion-focused coping strategies as well as social support can be considered beneficial when protecting different aspects of mental health in HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Evidence for patterns of interaction between outcomes were found in the context of coping style when facing specific pandemic stressors. Conclusions Our results indicate that several psychosocial resources may play an important role in buffering adverse effects of pandemic burden on the mental health of HCWs in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, causal interpretations of mentioned associations are inadequate due to the overall low study quality and the dominance of cross-sectional study designs. Prospective longitudinal studies are required to elucidate the missing links.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of medical staff considering the interplay of pandemic burden and psychosocial resources—A rapid systematic review

et al. 2022

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“…Early studies approached resilience from a trait-oriented perspective [ 12 ], assuming that resilience is stable and inherent in all individuals. However, recent research views resilience rather from an outcome- and process-oriented approach, focusing on dynamic and temporal features [ 14 , 15 ]. Within this perspective, stable personality traits are seen as resilience factors predicting a favorable outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual Stress Burden and Mental Health in Health Care Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Moderating and Mediating Effects of Resilience

Schmuck

Hiebel

Kriegsmann-Rabe

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic generated a significant burden on the German health care system, affecting the mental health of health care workers (HCW) in particular. Resilience may serve as an essential protective factor for individuals’ well-being. Objective: Our objective was to identify demographic and work-related correlates of individual resilience and to investigate the association between pandemic-related stress, resilience and mental health using different resilience models. Methods: Our sample comprised 1034 German HCW in different medical professions who completed an online survey from 20 April to 1 July 2020. Resilience was assessed using the Resilience Scale-5 (RS-5). The pandemic-related self-reported stress burden was captured by a single item, while depression and anxiety symptoms were measured with the PHQ-2 and GAD-2, respectively. Additionally, various sociodemographic and work-related factors were assessed. Results: Overall, we found high levels of resilience in the sample compared to a German sample before the pandemic, which were significantly associated only with the older age of participants and having children in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Regarding mechanisms of resilience, moderation analysis revealed that low individual resilience and high pandemic-related stress burden independently contributed to both anxiety and depression symptoms while resilience additionally moderated the relationship between stress burden and anxiety symptoms. The link between self-reported stress burden and mental health symptoms was also partially mediated by individual resilience. Conclusions: Taken together, the findings based on the present sample during the COVID-19 pandemic suggest that resilience plays a central role in the mental health of healthcare workers and that resilience-building interventions should be expanded, especially with a focus on younger employees.

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“…Since it is known that the brain small vessel disease underlies cognitive impairment in older individuals with cardio-metabolic conditions, corresponding with the frailty cognitive phenotype, this leads to the conclusion that cognitive impairment, as the hallmark of individuals in cluster COG-IMP, may be caused mostly by the direct neuronal apoptosis, as a reaction to chronic stress, rather than by the vascular brain changes [47,49]. If it is true, then individuals in cluster COG-IMP would likely to bene t from the cognitive restructuring rehabilitation programs [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of the physical, cognitive, and mental health status of older individuals in a real-life primary care setting and differences in coping styles

Wittlinger

Bekić

Guljaš

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BackgroundThe types of older patients with multimorbidity (coexisting diseases) are highly heterogeneous and complex, which hampers delivering of individualized and patient-centered care to these patients.PurposeThe aim of this study was to show how physical frailty, mental disorders, and cognitive impairment cluster together and how these clusters are associated with comorbidities, stressful events, and coping styles.MethodsParticipants were older individuals (≥60), attenders of PC, who were mobile and not suffering from dementia. For screening participants on physical frailty, cognitive impairment, and mental disorders, we used Fried`s phenotype model, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). For testing participants on coping styles, we used the 14-scale questionnaire Brief COPE. To identify clusters, we used the algorithm fuzzy k-means. To further describe the clusters, we examined differences in age, gender, number of chronic diseases and medications prescribed, some diagnoses of chronic diseases, life events, body mass index, renal function, expressed as the glomerular filtration rate, and coping styles.ResultsThe most appropriate cluster solution was the one with three clusters, that were termed as: functional (FUN) (N=139), dysfunctional (DFUN) (N=81), and cognitively impaired (COG-IMP) (N=43). The cluster FUN was associated with positive reframing coping style. Religion and self-blame were coping mechanisms specifically associated only with cluster DFUN; self-distraction only with cluster COG-IMP; and these two latter clusters shared the mechanisms of behavioral disengagement and denial.ConclusionsThe research approach presented in this study could provide a new framework for decoding patient complexity. Gaining insights into this complexity is expected to improve personalized prevention and treatment strategies for older individuals with multimorbidity.

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Resilience in Adult Health Science Revisited—A Narrative Review Synthesis of Process-Oriented Approaches

Cited by 26 publications

References 92 publications

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of medical staff considering the interplay of pandemic burden and psychosocial resources—A rapid systematic review

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of medical staff considering the interplay of pandemic burden and psychosocial resources—A rapid systematic review

Individual Stress Burden and Mental Health in Health Care Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Moderating and Mediating Effects of Resilience

Patterns of the physical, cognitive, and mental health status of older individuals in a real-life primary care setting and differences in coping styles

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