Resilience is associated with importance of quitting in homeless adult smokers

Akande, Morayo; Cioe, Patricia A.; Glasser, Irene; Hirsch, Eric L.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106515

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It may be beneficial to introduce education about the deleterious effects of cigarette smoking to younger age groups. In addition, heaviness of smoking specifically among homeless smokers has been negatively associated with successful quit attempts lasting more than 24 hours ( Neisler et al , 2018b ) and number of quit attempts ( r = .29, p < .05) ( Akande et al, 2020 ). Our study lends to future research in this area, suggesting that barriers to successfully abstaining from cigarette smoking among AA PEH are multifactorial, in which resources for smoking cessation will need to be tailored to the individual, and cigarette smoking may be a protective measure for this population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Barriers to smoking cessation specifically in AA PEH may include low self-efficacy ( Pinsker et al, 2018 ), nicotine dependence, homelessness, and fatalism ( Vijayaraghavan et al, 2018 ). Several studies have measured quit attempts among PEH ( Akande et al, 2020 ; Businelle et al, 2014 ; Savoy et al, 2021 ), but there is a dearth of knowledge regarding the influence of discrimination and mental health on readiness to quit cigarette smoking among PEH, specifically among AA PEH. The aims of this paper are (a) to explore the association between discrimination and readiness to quit cigarette smoking among AA PEH and (b) analyze whether symptoms of depression or anxiety mediate this association.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discrimination, Mental Health, and Readiness to Quit Smoking

et al. 2023

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We conducted a cross-sectional study, examining the mediation effects of depression and anxiety on the association between discrimination and readiness to quit cigarette smoking among African American adult cigarette smokers experiencing homelessness. Using a convenience sample, participants were recruited from a homeless shelter in Southern California. Scores of discrimination, depressive, and anxiety symptoms, and readiness to quit smoking were analyzed using linear regression modeling. We enrolled 100 participants; 58 participants were male. In the final model, discrimination had no association with readiness to quit ( b = 0.02; 95% CI [−0.04, 0.08]; p = 0.47). The indirect effects of depression ( b = 0.04, [0.01, 0.07]; p = 0.02) and anxiety ( b = 0.03; [0.01, 0.05]; p = 0.04) reached statistical significance; the direct effects of depression ( b = −0.01; [−0.09, 0.04]; p = 0.70) and anxiety ( b = −0.00; [−0.09, 0.06]; p = 0.86) did not. Future studies should explore these associations to enhance smoking cessation programs for this population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination, Mental Health, and Readiness to Quit Smoking

et al. 2023

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“…Approximately 70–80% of PEH in the U.S. use tobacco [ 33 ], while the prevalence of cigarette smoking by race/ethnicity among adult PEH remains unclear. Reasons for continued smoking among this population include socialization, which may stem from smoking in designated smoking areas within a shelter, and cigarette smoking being used as a coping mechanism for managing stress [ 1 , 6 , 40 ]. Smoking cessation programs specifically for PEH have been implemented; however, research in this area is sparse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While one-third of PEH who smoke report readiness to quit smoking within the next 6 months, nearly one-fifth are ready to quit within the next month [ 17 ]. Among PEH who smoke, greater readiness to quit cigarette smoking has been associated with higher subjective social status [ 17 ] and increased number of quit attempts [ 1 ]. To our knowledge, no studies have explored discrimination experiences and readiness to quit cigarette smoking among AA PEH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Cigarettes play the equalizer”: discrimination experiences and readiness to quit cigarette smoking among African Americans experiencing homelessness: a qualitative analysis

Jones-Patten,

Shin,

Nyamathi

et al. 2024

Addict Sci Clin Pract

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Background Approximately 70–80% of people experiencing homelessness in the United States use tobacco. Smoking cessation programs specifically for this population have been found to be less effective for African American participants. The purpose of this study was to explore discrimination experiences and their impact on smoking habits and readiness to quit cigarette smoking while experiencing homelessness. Methods In the qualitative phase of this mixed methods study, five focus groups were conducted for African Americans residing in a homeless shelter in Skid Row, Los Angeles, CA. Using a semi-structured interview guide, we asked participants about discrimination experiences, how smoking habits were impacted by these experiences, and tools needed to successfully abstain from cigarette smoking. Qualitative descriptive content analysis was used to explore discrimination experiences and its association with readiness to quit cigarette smoking. Results Of the 17 participants, 14 (82.4%) were male, and the average age was 46.8 years. Using a qualitative In Vivo coding method, three themes were revealed: “Experiencing Discrimination while Black”, “The Psychosocial Fabric—Why Quitting Cigarette Smoking is a Challenge”, and “The Lesser of Two Evils—Choosing to Smoke over More Harmful Options.” Participants discussed working in the blue-collar workforce while Black, identifying as a double minority, smoking to cope with stress, early exposure to cigarettes, smoking being a central part of one’s belonging to a group, and the legality of cigarette smoking. Discussion Our findings show that African Americans experiencing homelessness (1) may experience discrimination in multiple settings, regardless of housing status, (2) could have grown up around cigarette smoking and remain surrounded by it while experiencing homelessness, and (3) may experience a calming effect with smoking, which slows some from reacting negatively to adverse situations. Conclusion Barriers to successfully abstaining from smoking are multifactorial among African Americans experiencing homelessness and should be addressed individually. Future research should explore the cultural tailoring of interventions that support cessation efforts unique to minoritized populations to improve smoking cessation programs offered to this population.

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