Resilience of the electric distribution systems: concepts, classification, assessment, challenges, and research needs

Kandaperumal, Gowtham; Srivastava, Anurag K.

doi:10.1049/iet-stg.2019.0176

Cited by 69 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The results are illustrated in Figure 7. According to the results, among the surveyed studies, energy systems (e.g., [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]), transportation networks (e.g., [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69]), and water supply networks (e.g., [70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78]) have the highest frequency as case studies, among other fields. Meanwhile, health care infrastructures [79,80], industrial processes [81][82][83], supply chain [84], mining sector…”

Section: In What Type Of Technological Ciss Has the Concept Of Resilience Been Used?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Resilience of Critical Infrastructure Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Risk management is a fundamental approach to improving critical infrastructure systems’ safety against disruptive events. This approach focuses on designing robust critical infrastructure systems (CISs) that could resist disruptive events by minimizing the possible events’ probability and consequences using preventive and protective programs. However, recent disasters like COVID-19 have shown that most CISs cannot stand against all potential disruptions. Recently there is a transition from robust design to resilience design of CISs, increasing the focus on preparedness, response, and recovery. Resilient CISs withstand most of the internal and external shocks, and if they fail, they can bounce back to the operational phase as soon as possible using minimum resources. Moreover, in resilient CISs, early warning enables managers to get timely information about the proximity and development of distributions. An understanding of the concept of resilience, its influential factors, and available evaluation and analyzing tools are required to have effective resilience management. Moreover, it is important to highlight the current gaps. Technological resilience is a new concept associated with some ambiguity around its definition, its terms, and its applications. Hence, using the concept of resilience without understanding these variations may lead to ineffective pre- and post-disruption planning. A well-established systematic literature review can provide a deep understanding regarding the concept of resilience, its limitation, and applications. The aim of this paper is to conduct a systematic literature review to study the current research around technological CISs’ resilience. In the review, 192 primary studies published between 2003 and 2020 are reviewed. Based on the results, the concept of resilience has gradually found its place among researchers since 2003, and the number of related studies has grown significantly. It emerges from the review that a CIS can be considered as resilient if it has (i) the ability to imagine what to expect, (ii) the ability to protect and resist a disruption, (iii) the ability to absorb the adverse effects of disruption, (iv) the ability to adapt to new conditions and changes caused by disruption, and (v) the ability to recover the CIS’s normal performance level after a disruption. It was shown that robustness is the most frequent resilience contributing factor among the reviewed primary studies. Resilience analysis approaches can be classified into four main groups: empirical, simulation, index-based, and qualitative approaches. Simulation approaches, as dominant models, mostly study real case studies, while empirical methods, specifically those that are deterministic, are built based on many assumptions that are difficult to justify in many cases.

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Section: In What Type Of Technological Ciss Has the Concept Of Resilience Been Used?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Resilience of Critical Infrastructure Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2021

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“…As per the survey, the various implementation techniques, framework, classification, and impact of SBR on the power system are presented. It is evident from the existing literature that no universally accepted parameter is available for a holistic SBR framework 92‐94 . The modern power system has shown signs of technological advancements along with greater inclusion of DERs that may lead to technical and economic challenges for the aging distribution system 95‐97 .…”

Section: Future Research Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel trends in resilience assessment of a distribution system using synchrophasor application: A literature review

Sonal

Ghosh

2021

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary The gradual sprawl of power system toward smart grid and enhanced integration of distributed energy resources at the distribution end is transforming the conventional distribution system and is eventually making it self‐sustained. The distribution system is thus continuously evolving to prepare itself for any unforeseen natural, man‐made, and complex events. These events may impact the distribution system as high‐impact low‐frequency (HILF) scenarios. The high intensity and widespread damage of the power system due to HILF scenarios necessitate resilience. Resilience analysis aims to identify these region‐specific vulnerabilities of the electricity network and implement appropriate methods to quickly restore the system to its predisturbance state. Further to enhance the network visibility and situational awareness, integration of synchrophasor to resilience is significant. Therefore, synchrophasor technology integrated with resilience provides online wide area visibility of the distribution system. Using synchrophasor for resilience assessment propels an agile network for coordinating accurate and timely analysis of the system parameters. Therefore, understanding the concept of resilience, its evolution, detailed overview, synchrophasor‐based resilience (SBR) methods as well as its applications are necessary. This article outlines the key points of the synchrophasor technology based resilience technique, its significance, and lays a foundation for continuing research in this area. It offers detailed insight into the comprehensive review of this evolving concept. The article majorly focuses on all the aspects of SBR, its necessity in performance evaluation, synchrophasor measurement based resilience enhancement methods, and application of different SBR techniques in the distribution system. A detailed comparative analysis of SBR features, sample efficiency, result accuracy, merits, and demerits based on available literature is provided. Finally, future perspectives are discussed for implementing resilience assessment using synchrophasor technology in the distribution system.

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“…Smart grids are characterized by high digitisation that facilitates modernisation in electrical network infrastructure, active grid management, control and real-time communication with consumers, prosumers, and DSOs [ 1 ]. Smart grid digitisation has created new areas of work, in which the electrical and communications infrastructures are neither independent nor operate in isolation [ 2 , 3 ]. Consequently, both infrastructures must be integrated into a single cyber-physical system (CPS) that must be analysed holistically to identify potential vulnerabilities that may affect the security and continuity of the power supply.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current smart grids are cyber-physical systems composed of two heterogeneous networks: the power (OT) and communications (IT) networks which are both interconnected. Consequently, a vulnerability in either network (OT-IT) affects the entire CPS [ 3 , 20 ]. The work discussed in [ 21 ] represents an initial approach to analysing vulnerabilities in smart grids by considering them as a single CPS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyber-Physical Vulnerability Assessment in Smart Grids Based on Multilayer Complex Networks

Alonso

Turanzas

Amarís

et al. 2021

Sensors

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In the last decade, the main attacks against smart grids have occurred in communication networks (ITs) causing the disconnection of physical equipment from power networks (OTs) and leading to electricity supply interruptions. To deal with the deficiencies presented in past studies, this paper addresses smart grids vulnerability assessment considering the smart grid as a cyber-physical heterogeneous interconnected system. The model of the cyber-physical system is composed of a physical power network model and the information and communication technology network model (ICT) both are interconnected and are interrelated by means of the communication and control equipment installed in the smart grid. This model highlights the hidden interdependencies between power and ICT networks and contains the interaction between both systems. To mimic the real nature of smart grids, the interconnected heterogeneous model is based on multilayer complex network theory and scale-free graph, where there is a one-to-many relationship between cyber and physical assets. Multilayer complex network theory centrality indexes are used to determine the interconnected heterogeneous system set of nodes criticality. The proposed methodology, which includes measurement, communication, and control equipment, has been tested on a standardized power network that is interconnected to the ICT network. Results demonstrate the model’s effectiveness in detecting vulnerabilities in the interdependent cyber-physical system compared to traditional vulnerability assessments applied to power networks (OT).

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Resilience of the electric distribution systems: concepts, classification, assessment, challenges, and research needs

Cited by 69 publications

References 72 publications

The Resilience of Critical Infrastructure Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

The Resilience of Critical Infrastructure Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

Novel trends in resilience assessment of a distribution system using synchrophasor application: A literature review

Cyber-Physical Vulnerability Assessment in Smart Grids Based on Multilayer Complex Networks

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