Resilience research in schizophrenia

Abstract

The heterogeneity in how reports conceptualize, assess, and interpret resilience likely reflects the multidimensional nature of the concept itself and the lack of a 'gold standard' in assessing resilience in schizophrenia. Further research is needed to make recommendations on how to facilitate resilience in clinical care.

Psychological resilience in people experiencing schizophrenia and suicidal thoughts and behaviours

“…Psychological resilience is considered to be a protective mechanism which operates in the face of negative stressors or negative life events (Bonanno, 2004;Masten, 2001). However, previous work investigating psychological resilience in the context of severe mental health problems, specifically schizophrenia, has been predominantly quantitative and based on heterogeneous definitions of resilience, and heterogeneous methodologies (Mizuno, Wartelsteiner, & Frajo-Apor, 2016). Furthermore, there is no guarantee that the way in which people with mental health problems define or experience psychological resilience melds with psychological conceptualisations of resilience.…”

“…It follows that it is essential that resilience research is based on service-user informed perspectives, which explicitly focuses upon psychological resilience, for three reasons. First, within the literature, resilience has been conceptualised and defined in many different ways (Mizuno et al, 2016). Research which focuses on understanding and improving mental health care will benefit from using conceptual definitions based on service-user viewpoints.…”

Theranostic Biomarkers for Schizophrenia

“…Most psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, develop in vulnerable subjects who failed to cope with stress and do not achieve positive outcomes when faced with adversities and stressors [2]. Resilience is modulated by diverse systems (neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, immune system, autonomic nervous system, oxidative stress and metabolic markers), working together to recover from various stressors and stressful experiences and to achieve a positive adaptation after exposure to stressors that are presenting as threats to homeostasis [3,4]. Resilience may help understanding the heterogeneous therapeutic outcomes in schizophrenia [4].…”

“…Resilience is modulated by diverse systems (neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, immune system, autonomic nervous system, oxidative stress and metabolic markers), working together to recover from various stressors and stressful experiences and to achieve a positive adaptation after exposure to stressors that are presenting as threats to homeostasis [3,4]. Resilience may help understanding the heterogeneous therapeutic outcomes in schizophrenia [4]. One of the major systems involved in the regulation of the stress is the HPA axis, which shows enhanced activity (i.e., increased release of corticotrophin releasing factor (CRH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol) as a response to stress [5,6].…”

The concept of urban resilience and its relation to resilience in mental health: Prospects for research in schizophrenia

“…Για την ακρίβεια, η ψυχική ανθεκτικότητα αποτελεί ένα από τα βασικά στοιχεία που συνθέτουν την προαγωγή της ψυχικής υγείας, 14,15 ενώ στην πράξη είναι ένα από τα βασικά ζητούμενα για την αντιμετώπιση κρίσεων, όπως για παράδειγμα οι οικονομικές κρίσεις, 16 συμπεριλαμβανομένης και αυτής που συνεχίζεται στην Ελλάδα. 17 Η ψυχική ανθεκτικότητα είναι χαμηλότερη σε ασθενείς με σχιζοφρένεια, 18 και είναι μια εξαιρετικά σημαντική παράμετρος για ασθενείς με σχιζοφρένεια και άλλες ψυχωτικές διαταραχές για πολλαπλούς λόγους, 1,19 με πρωτεύοντα την πρόληψη, και έχει σημαντική επίδραση στην ποιότητα ζωής των ασθενών. 20 Οι ίδιοι οι ασθενείς προσδιόρισαν σε πρόσφατη μελέτη τα 11 στοιχεία που για τους ίδιους συνθέτουν την έννοια της ψυχικής ανθεκτικότητας, 7 εκ των οποίων έχουν σχέση με, ή επηρεάζονται από, την πόλη και τη λειτουργία της (στρες, ερεθίσματα, κοινωνικός ιστός, τρόπος ζωής -lifestyle, στίγμα, σωματική υγεία, συστήματα ψυχικής υγείας).…”