Resin loaded palladium nanoparticle catalyst, characterization and application in –C–C– coupling reaction

Organometallic interactions between metal nanoparticles and carbon-based molecules: A surface reactivity rationale

“…45 Analogous synergistic effects have also been described by Ye and co-workers for highly active core-shell microspheres, bearing a magnetic Fe3O4 core, a layer of PdNPs and an outer shell of mesoporous CeO2. The preparation of highly active catalytic materials with enhanced reusability properties has also been enabled by the immobilization of PdNPs on solids supports such as silicates (mesoporous SiO2, 113,114 mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane-SiO2, 115 PEG-SiO2, 116 silicalite-1, 117 montmorillonite 47 ), ZnAl2O4 spinel, 118 ferrite, 119 magnetite, 120,121 chalcogels, 122 covalent organic frameworks, [123][124][125] metal organic frameworks (Eu-MOF, 126 MCM-41, 127 MOF-5, 128,129 MIL-101, 130 Cu-MOF, 131 ) Carbon-based materials (graphene, 111 graphene oxide, [132][133][134] graphene acid, 53 Carbon nanotubes 135 ), polymeric matrixes [dendrimers, 108 poly(amido-amine) (G4-PAMAM), 106 2-aminobenzaldehyde modified chitosan nanofibers, 136 DIANION, 137 mesoporous polyaminophenols, 138,139 poly(ethylene glycol)-co-poly(Nisopropylacrylamide), 140 nylon rope 141 ], or composite materials of mixtures thereof. [142][143][144][145][146][147] Literature reports on surface-like Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings under aerobic conditions address the challenge of precluding boronic acid homo-coupling, a competing side reaction occurring in the presence of O2 via the formation of palladium(II) peroxo species 148 that can easily undergo two successive transmetallations with boronic acid substrates as aryl halide oxidative addition to Pd(0) is the rate determining step under classical molecular regimes.…”

Adsorption of Toxic Metals Using Hydrous Ferric Oxide Nanoparticles Embedded in Hybrid Ion-Exchange Resins

“…To overcome these challenges, researchers have incorporated nanoparticles into polymeric matrices, such as ion-exchange resins, to create hybrid materials that combine the advantages of both components [ 34 , 35 ]. The performance of ion exchangers modified with hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) nanoparticles for phosphate removal from wastewater has been studied by various researchers [ 36 , 37 , 38 ].…”