Dehydration
of methyl lactate (ML) obtained from biomass is a sustainable
route for the production of methyl acrylate (MA). Herein, we demonstrate
that cesium-exchanged Al-rich Beta zeolite (Cs-Beta) is highly efficient
for the dehydration of ML to MA, exhibiting full ML conversion with
87.4% MA yield at 340 °C. In situ FT-IR spectra and kinetic studies
provide evidence that the ML dehydration on the Cs-Beta zeolite follows
a forward ion-exchange/dehydration/reverse ion-exchange reaction pathway.
Model experiments, DFT calculations, TG-DSC analysis, and FT-IR spectra
showed that coke formation competes with the dehydration of ML to
MA. Kinetic studies and theoretical simulations demonstrate that cesium
cations in the micropores of Beta zeolite have a strong steric hindrance,
suppressing the formation of oligomers and coke. These results offer
new insights for developing highly selective and stable catalysts
for the dehydration of ML to MA in the future.