Resin-modified glass ionomer, modified composite or conventional glass ionomer for band cementation?--an in vitro evaluation

Abstract

The aims of this study were to compare the mean shear-peel bond strength and predominant site of bond failure of micro-etched orthodontic bands cemented with resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC; Fuji Ortho LC or 3M Multi-Cure), a modified composite or a conventional GIC. The survival time of bands was also assessed following simulated mechanical stress in a ball mill. One hundred and twenty molar bands were cemented to extracted human third molars. Eighty bands (20 cemented with each cement) were used to assess the debonding force and 40 bands (10 cemented with each cement) were used to determine survival time. The specimens were prepared in accordance with the manufacturers' instructions for each cement. After storage in a humidor at 37 degrees C for 24 hours, the shear debonding force was assessed for each specimen using a Nene M3000 testing machine with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. The predominant site of band failure was recorded visually for all specimens as either at the band/cement or cement/enamel interface. Survival time was assessed following application of mechanical stress in a ball mill. There was no significant difference in mean shear-peel bond strength between the cement groups (P = 0.816). The proportion of specimens failing at each interface differed significantly between cement groups (P < 0.001). The predominant site of bond failure for bands cemented with the RMGIC (Fuji Ortho LC) or the modified composite was at the enamel/cement interface, whereas bands cemented with 3M Multi-Cure failed predominantly at the cement/band interface. Conventional GIC specimens failed mostly at the enamel/cement interface. The mean survival time of bands cemented with either of the RMGICs or with the modified composite was significantly longer than for those cemented with the conventional GIC. The findings indicate that although there appears to be equivalence in the mean shear-peel bond strength of the band cements assessed, the fatigue properties of the conventional GIC when subjected to simulated mechanical stress seem inferior to those of the other cements for band cementation.

Three Cements Used for Orthodontic Banding of Porcelain Molars

“…Numerous strength and the fatigue strength of band cements on natural teeth. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] A review of the literature by Millett and associates 3 found that the clinical failure rate of bands cemented on natural teeth with glass ionomer cement (GIC) ranged from 6% to 26% over observation periods ranging from 12 to 24 months. With more adults seeking orthodontic treatment, many of whom have full-coverage porcelain crowns, the performance of band cements when used to secure bands to porcelain molar crowns needs evaluation.…”

“…13 Laboratory investigations of force values required to remove cemented bands from natural teeth show that RMGIC and GIC are generally equivalent, whereas fatigue studies show RMGIC has superior fatigue properties. 6,7 Studies of the retentive strength of bands cemented with compomer cements have demonstrated mixed results, with some investigators finding that compomers perform equivalent to GIC and RMGIC 5,7 and others finding lower retentive strength than either RMGIC or GIC. 6 The site of cement failure has been shown to occur primarily at the band-cement interface with GIC, 1,4,7 whereas failure is more common at the cement-enamel interface for RMGIC 4,6,7 and compomers.…”

Effectiveness of Using Self Etching Primer and Resin Modified Glass Ionomer on Bonding Orthodontic Brackets – an in Vitro Study

“…These results coincide with preceding studies [18,36,40], whereas Turk et al [41] have recorded significant difference in failure type between SEP and LC. Buyukyllmaz et al [26] have found failure at adhesive bracket interface for SEP, while Millett et al [7], Komori and Ishikawa [20] have recorded failure in the adhesive and at adhesive bracket for RMGI and that may be attributed to using etching before bonding.…”

“…Resin modified glass ionomer (RMGI) is a hybrid cement [7], which adheres chemically with the tooth surface [8][9][10]. It was introduced to overcome the high clinical failure rates of conventional glass ionomer [11] and the high susceptibility of the resin to wetness [12][13][14].…”

New glass polyalkenoate temporary cement for cement-retained implant restoration: Evaluation of elevation and retentive strength

“…In particular, the use of GICs as luting agents -to cement stainless steel crowns on primary teeth 12) , cast crowns and fixed prostheses for permanent teeth 13) , and space maintainers and orthodontic bands 14) -has met with great success. Indeed, more than 20 years of clinical use has earned them the exalted status of being a versatile material due to their high biocompatibility, simple handling properties, and relative tolerance to variations in clinical techniques 15) .…”