Resistance and Cross-Resistance to Four Insecticides in Populations of Obliquebanded Leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Abstract

Populations of obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris), were collected from organic and conventionally managed orchards located in the Okanagan and Similkameen Valleys of British Columbia Neonate F1 progeny were assayed for resistance to azinphosmethyl, tebufenozide, methoxyfenozide, and indoxacarb using a leaf disk bioassay. Significant differences in resistance levels among populations were observed for all four insecticides. Insects collected from organic sites were more susceptible to all insecticides than were insects collected from conventional sites. Resistance to the benzoylhydrazine insect growth regulators tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide was highly correlated with resistance to azinphosmethyl across populations, indicating cross-resistance between these compounds. The highest levels of resistance were observed with indoxacarb, but resistance levels to indoxacarb did not correlate with those for azinphosmethyl. Dose-response regression lines for tebufenozide were parallel across populations, suggesting that the resistance mechanism(s) were quantitatively, but not qualitatively, different. Cross-resistance between azinphosmethyl and benzoylhydrazine insecticides indicates that a resistance management strategy for obliquebanded leafroller involving the rotation of these materials is not likely to be successful.

Ecdysteroid signaling in ecdysteroid-resistant cell lines from the polyphagous noctuid pest Spodoptera exigua

“…In the same vein, it can be noted that increased resistance against dibenzoylhydrazine analogs in insect larvae always is accompanied by cross-resistance against other insecticides that have a different mode of action (Wearing, 1998;Waldstein and Reissig, 2000;Smirle et al, 2002;Smagghe et al, 2001;Moulton et al, 2002;Gore and Adamczyk, 2004;Cao and Han, 2006). These findings indicate at increased metabolism or decreased penetration/absorption as the main mechanism of resistance in larvae.…”

Selection for resistance to methoxyfenozide and 20‐hydroxyecdysone in cells of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua

“…Spindler-Barth and Spindler (1998) reported that cells of C. dilutus selected in the presence of 20E were resistant only to the moulting hormone, but still responded to tebufenozide, whereas subclones selected in the presence of tebufenozide showed cross-resistance to 20E. Related to the in vivo system, some cross-resistance has been reported between dibenzoylhydrazinetype insecticides and other insecticides in many insects (Sauphanor and Bouvier, 1995;Wearing, 1998;Waldstein et al, 1999;Moulton et al, 2002;Smirle et al, 2002;Cao and Han, 2006).…”

Susceptibility of Leafrollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from Organic and Conventional Orchards to Azinphosmethyl, Spinosad, and <I>Bacillus thuringiensis</I>

“…This reliance on insecticides has resulted in the development of resistance to azinphosmethyl in some orchard populations of C. rosaceana (Smirle et al 2002); A. argyrospila resistance to diazinon and azinphosmethyl was documented in 1977 and 1984, respectively (Madsen andCarty 1977, Vakenti et al 1984). Insecticide resistance in populations of C. rosaceana has also been reported from several apple-producing regions of eastern North America (Reissig et al 1986, Carriè re et al 1996, Pree et al 2001, including resistance to the recently introduced insect growth regulator (IGR) tebufenozide (Waldstein et al 1999).…”

“…In populations of C. rosaceana from New York State, Waldstein and Reissig (2000) reported resistance to several materials with novel modes of action, even if they had not been used previously in the orchards where the insects had been obtained. Smirle et al (2002) documented signiÞcant levels of resistance to indoxacarb (Avaunt, DuPont, Wilmington, DE) in populations of C. rosaceana from British Columbia. Indoxacarb is not registered for use in Canadian orchards, and the insects tested had no prior exposure to the compound.…”

“…Similar Þndings were reported by Ahmad et al (2002) in populations of C. rosaceana from Michigan, where resistance levels Ͼ700-fold were observed in a population that had not been exposed to indoxacarb previously. Smirle et al (2002) also demonstrated cross-resistance between azinphosmethyl and the benzoylhydrazine growth regulators tebufenozide (ConÞrm, Dow AgroSciences, Indianapolis, IN) and methoxyfenozide (Intrepid, Dow AgroSciences), insecticides with a short history of usage in British Columbia in the case of tebufenozide (registered in 1996) and no prior usage at all in the case of methoxyfenozide. Similar Þndings have been reported for populations of univoltine leafrollers (Archips argyrospila [Walker] and A. rosana L.) collected from British Columbian apple orchards (Smirle et al 2003).…”