2012
DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2011.11.004
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Resistance and cross-resistance to the spinosyns – A review and analysis

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Cited by 178 publications
(146 citation statements)
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References 81 publications
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“…Spinosad, a neurotoxic insecticide, is produced by fermentation of soil actinomycete Saccharopolyspora spinosa (Sparks, Dripps, Watson, & Paroonagian, 2012). Owing to its highly selective toxicological profile, spinosad is widely used for control of crop and amenity plants, public hygiene, and veterinary pests (Böhm et al, 2014;Mandal, Singh, Battu, & Singh, 2013;Markussen & Kristensen, 2012).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Spinosad, a neurotoxic insecticide, is produced by fermentation of soil actinomycete Saccharopolyspora spinosa (Sparks, Dripps, Watson, & Paroonagian, 2012). Owing to its highly selective toxicological profile, spinosad is widely used for control of crop and amenity plants, public hygiene, and veterinary pests (Böhm et al, 2014;Mandal, Singh, Battu, & Singh, 2013;Markussen & Kristensen, 2012).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Lepidopteran pests have been predominantly managed for decades by application of broad-spectrum and often persistent insecticides, but a wider range of classes of insecticides is potentially available today for use in eradication (Bloem et al 2014). This management approach has enormous direct and indirect economic, social and environmental consequences and is considered unsustainable in the long term as many lepidopteran pest species have developed resistance to insecticides, including more benign low hazard materials, although this risk may be overstated (Sparks et al 2012). Many effective but older broad-spectrum insecticides are being phased out in use, due to increased recognition of the long-term effects of their excessive use on human health and the environment.…”
Section: Analysis Of Control Options For Lepidopteramentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As monooxigenases são conhecidas pela metabolização de piretroides. Algumas P450 como CYP4G2, CYP6A1, CYP6G4 e CYP6D3 já foram associadas à resistência de M. domestica a spinosad (HOJLAND et al, 2014 O fato de as espinosinas serem muito utilizadas no controle de pragas facilitou a evolução de resistência em apenas alguns anos após sua introdução no mercado (SPARKS et al, 2012). A rapidez no desenvolvimento de resistência de insetos a inseticidas e a dificuldade na produção de moléculas que apresentam diferentes mecanismos de ação, reforçam a importância de se prolongar a vida útil e a eficiência das moléculas ainda existentes.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…Ainda, observou-se que as linhagens heterozigotas apresentaram custo adaptativo relativo de 1,06 e 1,59 (Tabela 3.5). (ZHANG et al, 2008; SHI; ZANG; GAO, 2011;SPARKS et al, 2012 (ZHANG et al, 2008; SHI; GAO, 2010). Para a maioria dos casos de resistência a espinosinas, o mecanimo mais comum de resistência está associado à mutação no sítio de ligação da molécula (67%), especialmente na subunidade 6 do receptor nicotínico de acetilcolina, seguidos de detoxificação metabólica (25%) e por múltiplos mecanismos (8%) (SPARKS et al, 2012).…”
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