Resistance Band Exercise Training Prevents the Progression of Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Postmenopausal Women

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is classified as a combination of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and postmenopausal women are specifically at an increased risk for MetS, in part due to the hormonal and metabolic changes that occur at the menopause transition. It is crucial to combat the components of MetS with appropriate lifestyle interventions in this population, such as exercise. This study aimed to examine the effects of a resistance band exercise training program in obese postmenopausal women with MetS. A total 35 postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to either a control group (CON, n = 17) or a resistance band exercise training group (EX, n = 18). Participants in the EX group trained 3days/week. Levels of blood glucose, insulin, homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood lipid profile, anthropometrics, and blood pressure (BP) were measured at baseline and after the exercise intervention. There were significant group by time interactions (p < 0.05) for blood glucose (Δ-4.5 mg/dl), insulin (Δ -1.3 μU/ml), HOMA-IR (Δ -0.6), triglycerides (Δ -9.4 mg/dl), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(Δ -10.8 mg/dl), systolic BP(Δ -3.4 mmHg), body fat percentage (Δ -3.0 %), and waist circumference (Δ -3.4 cm), which significantly decreased (p < 0.05), and lean body mass (Δ 0.7 kg) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Δ 5.1 mg/dl), which significantly increased (p < 0.05) after EX compared to no change in CON. The present study indicates that resistance band exercise training may be an effective therapeutic intervention to combat the components of MetS in this population, potentially reducing the risk for the development of CVD.

Effect of exercise on cardiovascular risk in sedentary postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…TG comparisons were reported in 4 studies (18,20,23,24), In sensitivity analysis, there was no significant change in results after removing each study, one by one, indicating good stability (Figure 8). Publication bias was also analyzed for the included studies.…”

“…A further 209 articles were excluded after screening the titles and abstracts and 143 articles were excluded after reading the full text and reported data. Finally, 14 studies were included in the meta-analysis (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). The literature screening process is shown in Figure 3.…”

“…Six studies (16,20,(23)(24)(25)27) compared glucose between the exercise and non-exercise groups, and the random- effects model was used to combine the effect sizes due to significant heterogeneity among the studies (glucose: I 2 =77.6%, P<0.001). Glucose was found to be significantly lower in the exercise than non-exercise group (SMD =−1.03; 95% CI: −1.74 to −0.33; P=0.004; Figure 10A).…”

Effects of combined aerobic and resistance training on gut microbiota and cardiovascular risk factors in physically active elderly women: A randomized controlled trial

“…A reduced risk of metabolic syndrome has also observed in exercise groups, which is important in that metabolic syndrome is a precursor of CVD ( Wilson et al, 2005 ). A 12-week regimen of resistance band exercise training has been shown to improved glucose and blood lipid profile in obese postmenopausal women, thereby reducing the risk factors for metabolic syndrome ( Son and Park, 2021 ). Both combined high-intensity aerobic and resistance exercise and low-intensity physical activity programs can improve some parameters of metabolic syndrome in elderly women, such as blood pressure, waist circumference, and TG ( Kemmler et al, 2009 ).…”

Kynurenine Metabolism as a Mechanism to Improve Fatigue and Physical Function in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Survivors Following Resistance Training

“…Our results do not support RT or CBCT as modalities to improve cardiometabolic health, as we did not observe changes in the number of MetS constituents, HOMA−IR or inflammation. With regard to exercise, this is refuted by prior studies that showed RT reduced the prevalence of MetS and inflammatory biomarkers in older women [ 43 , 44 , 45 ]. The discrepancies could be attributed to differences in RT modality, repetitions, duration and intensity, and the population of study (i.e., age, BMI and comorbidities).…”