Resistance Exercise Increases Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Angiogenic Factors

Ross, Mark; Wekesa, Anthony L; Phelan, John P.; Harrison, Michael

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3182a142da

Cited by 86 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The ingestion of dying cells or parts of them by phagocyting cells can have tremendous influence on the course of an immune response by either enhancing or suppressing inflammation (31). In this regard, a number of studies demonstrated that the physiological process of apoptosis is accompanied by the release of small membranous particles from the cell surface, termed apoptotic bodies (ABs) (30). The release of these microparticles is suggested to have a profound paracrine and endocrine signaling function.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Apoptotic lymphocytes induce progenitor cell mobilization after exercise

Mooren

Krüger

2015

Journal of Applied Physiology

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There is evidence that apoptotic cells and their components have immunmodulatory properties and signaling function. The present study investigated first whether exercise-induced apoptosis and exercise-induced mobilization of progenitor cells are similarly affected by subjects' training status and, second, whether the appearance of dying cells in the circulation might mobilize progenitor cells. CD1 SWISS mice were subjected to a 10-wk endurance training using free wheel running or served as untrained controls. Mice of both groups performed an intensive exercise test after the training period at a velocity corresponding to 80% maximal oxygen uptake for 30 min. Cells from blood and bone marrow were analyzed, and apoptosis and number of progenitor cells determined via flow cytometry. In a second experiment, apoptotic cells were transferred into recipient mice, and mobilization of progenitor cells was analyzed while vital cells served as controls. In untrained animals, the exhaustive exercise was followed by an enhanced rate of annexin V positive CD3(+) cells in blood and bone marrow (P < 0.05), whereas no increase was found in trained mice. Similarly, exercise mobilized Sca-1(+)/c-kit(+) and Sca-1(+)/Flk(+) cells in untrained (P < 0.05) but not trained mice. Furthermore, application of apoptotic cells and their supernatant mobilized Sca-1(+)/c-kit(+) cells into the blood (P < 0.05), whereas Sca-1(+)/Flk(+) cells were not affected. The present study demonstrated that both lymphocyte apoptosis, as well as mobilization of progenitor cells are similarly related to training status. Furthermore, apoptotic cells seem to induce signals that effectively mobilize hematopoietic progenitor cells. The relevance of this effect for the adaptation to exercise stimuli remains to be shown.

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confidence: 99%

“…Both acute as well as chronic exercise training mobilize hematopoietic and endothelial progenitor cells (HPCs and EPCs) into the peripheral blood (1,22,29,30). It has been proposed that HPCs are involved in cell-mediated hematopoiesis and myofiber formation in response to exercise (22,24).…”

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confidence: 99%

Apoptotic lymphocytes induce progenitor cell mobilization after exercise

Mooren

Krüger

2015

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…Collectively, alterations in the motor cortex could affect all aspects of motor control, including motor planning, muscle recruitment, and coordination. For example, researchers have documented changes in motor recruitment and muscle strength in athletes post-concussion (13,33). Following concussion ice hockey players demonstrated decreased leg maximal voluntary contraction (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stiffness can be regulated by muscular recruitment (15). Our pilot data, in athletes post-concussion, demonstrated quadriceps weakness and decreased time to peak vertical ground reaction force during a single leg jump, which could decrease stiffness across the lower extremity (12,13) . To date, the effect of concussion on neuromuscular function, particularly stiffness across the lower extremity, during a jumping task has not been characterized…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Lower Extremity Stiffness Changes after Concussion in Collegiate Football Players

Dubose

Herman

Jones

et al. 2017

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Purpose Recent research indicates that a concussion increases risk of musculoskeletal injury. Neuromuscular changes following concussion might contribute to the increased risk of injury. Many studies have examined gait post-concussion, but few studies have examined more demanding tasks. This study compared changes in stiffness across the lower extremity, a measure of neuromuscular function, during a jump-landing task in athletes with a concussion (CONC) to uninjured athletes (UNINJ). Methods Division I football players (13 CONC, 26 UNINJ) were tested pre- and post-season. A motion-capture system recorded subjects jumping on one limb from a 25.4 cm step onto a force plate. Hip, knee, and ankle joint stiffness were calculated from initial contact to peak joint flexion using the regression line slopes of the joint moment versus joint angle plots. Leg stiffness was (peak vertical ground reaction force (PVGRF)/lower extremity vertical displacement) from initial contact to PVGRF. All stiffness values were normalized to bodyweight. Values from both limbs were averaged. General linear models compared group (CONC, UNINJ) differences in the changes of pre- and post-season stiffness values. Results Average time from concussion to post-season testing was 49.9 days. The CONC group showed an increase in hip stiffness (p=0.03), a decrease in knee (p=0.03) and leg stiffness (p=0.03), but no change in ankle stiffness (p=0.65) from pre- to post-season. Conclusion Lower extremity stiffness is altered following concussion, which could contribute to an increased risk of lower extremity injury. These data provide further evidence of altered neuromuscular function after concussion.

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“…Similarly, the number of circulating EPC has been reported to increase after intensive or 30 min of moderate exercise, but not after 10 min of moderate exercise (20). A hypoxic situation caused by high-intensity exercise, therefore, plays an important role in inducing the proliferation of EPC, possibly via the up-regulation of the angiogenic factors VEGF, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (18, 30, 38). Alternatively, a questionnaire study tends to measure vigorous activity better than moderate or light activity, and the differences in measurement error associated with different exercise intensities could be the reason for the different findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Maternal Physical Activity and Stem Cells in Umbilical Cord Blood

Onoyama

Qiu

Low

et al. 2016

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Purpose Early life processes, through influence on fetal stem cells, affect postnatal and adult health outcomes. This study examines effects of physical activity before and during pregnancy on stem cell counts in umbilical cord blood. Methods We isolated mononuclear cells from umbilical cord blood samples from 373 singleton full-term pregnancies and quantified hematopoietic (CD34+, CD34+CD38-, CD34+c-kit+), endothelial (CD34+CD133+, CD34+CD133+VEGFR2+, CD34+VEGFR2+, and CD133+VEGFR2+), and putative breast (EpCAM+, EpCAM+CD49f+, EpCAM+CD49f+CD117+, CD49f+CD24+, CD24+CD29+, and CD24+CD29+CD49f+) stem/progenitor cell subpopulations by flow cytometry. Information on physical activities before and during pregnancy was obtained from questionnaire. Weekly energy expenditure was estimated based on the metabolic equivalent task (MET) values. Results Pre-pregnancy vigorous exercise was associated positively with levels of the endothelial CD34+CD133+, CD34+CD133+VEGFR2+, CD34+VEGFR2+, and CD133+VEGFR2+ progenitor cell populations (p=0.02, 0.01, 0.001, and 0.003, respectively); the positive associations were observed in samples from the first births and those from the second or later births. Pre-pregnancy moderate and light exercise and light exercise during the first trimester were not significantly associated with any stem/progenitor cell population. Light exercise during the second trimester was positively associated with CD34+VEGFR2+ endothelial progenitor cells (p=0.03). In addition, levels of the EpCAM+CD49f+ and CD49f+CD24+ breast stem cells were significantly lower among pregnant women who engaged in vigorous or moderate exercise during pregnancy (p=0.05 and 0.02, respectively). Conclusion Vigorous exercise before pregnancy increases endothelial progenitor cell numbers in umbilical cord blood and thus could potentially enhance the endothelial function and improve cardiovascular fitness in the offspring. Findings of a lower level of putative breast stem cell sub-populations could have implication on exercise and breast cancer prevention. Prenatal effects of exercise on fetal stem cells warrant further studies.

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Resistance Exercise Increases Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Angiogenic Factors

Abstract: Short intense bouts of MERE can trigger increases in circulating EPC and related angiogenic factors, potentially contributing to vascular adaptation and vasculoprotection.

Cited by 86 publications

References 42 publications

Apoptotic lymphocytes induce progenitor cell mobilization after exercise

Apoptotic lymphocytes induce progenitor cell mobilization after exercise

Lower Extremity Stiffness Changes after Concussion in Collegiate Football Players

Prenatal Maternal Physical Activity and Stem Cells in Umbilical Cord Blood

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