Resistance in the cotton whitefly,<i>Bemisia tabaci</i>(Genn.), to insecticide recently introduced into Sudan Gezira

Abdeldaffie, E. Y. A.; Elhag, E. A.; Bashir, Nabil Hh

doi:10.1080/09670878709371171

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The Sudan is the only country in Africa to experience widespread pest problems induced by over-spraying, where loss of natural enemies due to area-wide adoption of organophosphate insecticides (OPs) and later of synthetic pyrethroids (SPs), in the Gezira cotton scheme, led to massive infestations of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) (Abdeldaffie et al 1987). In 1993 pyrethroid resistance was identified in H. armigera on cotton in South Africa (van Jaarsveld 1994).…”

Section: Background To Cotton Pest Management In Sub-saharan Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a role for Bt cotton in IPM for smallholders in Africa?

Hillocks¹

2005

International Journal of Pest Management

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Cotton is an important crop in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Cotton varieties transformed with genes from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are resistant to a number of lepidopteran bollworm pests of cotton. Bt cotton varieties have been widely adopted in Australia, China, India, the USA and elsewhere. To date, South Africa is the only country in SSA that has planted Bt cotton, but many other African countries are soon to do so. This paper reviews IPM in a number of African countries and considers the possible contribution that Bt cotton might make to IPM for African smallholders.

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Section: Background To Cotton Pest Management In Sub-saharan Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a role for Bt cotton in IPM for smallholders in Africa?

Hillocks¹

2005

International Journal of Pest Management

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“…Although there are reports of insecticide resistance in a few other African countries, it is mainly in the Sudan and to some extent in Egypt where the problem exists on anything like the scale which developed in Central America, USA and Australia (El Guindy et al 1982;Eveleens 1983;Sawicki and Denholm 1987;Abdallah 1991). In the Sudan, whitefy populations are resistant to dimethoate due to long exposure to this chemical but cross-resistance has also appeared so that populations of the insect may be found which are resistant even to chemicals to which they have never been exposed (Abdeldaffie et al 1987).…”

Section: Chemical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated management of insect pests, diseases and weeds of cotton in Africa

Hillocks

1995

Integr Pest Manag Rev

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Integrated pest management systems were developed originally in response to the appearance of insect populations with resistance to common insecticides. Cotton with its heavy dependence on insecticidal sprays was one of the first crops in which the effectiveness of control declined due to resistance in the target pests. Although insecticide resistance is more of a problem in large scale production systems, the IPM approach can also benefit the smallholder by reducing the number of sprays required with consequent cost savings. Where crop growth is adversely affected by diseases, competition from weeds or poor management, the full benefit of insecticide spray programmes cannot be realised. To be fully effective, insect control should therefore be integrated with other crop protection activities. This paper reviews the insect pests, diseases and weed problems of cotton in Africa and discusses the possibilities for extending the principles of IPM to cover all the crop protection activities with practical examples drawn from both small scale and larger scale production systems.

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“…Estudos sobre a determinação de linhas básicas de suscetibilidade e detecção de resistência de populações de mosca-branca a inseticidas já foram realizados em alguns países, tais como EUA, Israel, Sudão, Espanha, Reino Unido e Paquistão (Dittrich et al 1985, Prabhaker et al 1985, Abdeldaffi e et al 1987, Horowitz & Ishaaya 1994, Cahill et al 1996a, Horowitz et al 2004. No Brasil, a pesquisa ainda é incipiente, apesar de a praga ser considerada de grande importância econômica em muitos cultivos.…”

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Monitoramento da suscetibilidade a inseticidas em populações de Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) no Brasil

Silva¹,

Omoto²,

Bleicher³

et al. 2009

Neotrop. entomol.

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-Monitoring the susceptibility of a pest population to pesticides is essential for resistance management programs. The objective of this research was to evaluate the genetic variability in pesticide susceptibility in populations of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) collected from different Brazilian agricultural regions through the use of two different tests. Four whitefl y populations, two from Goiás state (GO-1 and GO-2) e two from Bahia state (BA-1 and BA-2), were tested against a susceptible reference one (SusIAC). A residual contact bioassay was used to evaluate the pesticide susceptibility of each population by using diagnostic concentration bioassays and by estimating the baseline susceptibility data to each one of the tested insecticides, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, chlorpyrifos and endosulfan. Adult insects of unknown age and sex were tested. Evaluations were performed after 24h for endosulfan and 48h for the other chemicals. Both procedures showed signifi cant differences in the susceptibility to the pesticides among B. tabaci populations. However, the discrimination among B. tabaci populations was more evident with the use of diagnosis tests. The population GO-2 was signifi cantly less susceptible to the tested pesticides than SusIAC, mainly to neonicotinoids. The most critical resistance situation of B. tabaci was detected to thiamethoxam, followed by imidacloprid.KEY WORDS: Whitefl y, biotype B, baseline susceptibility, chemical control, monitoring resistance RESUMO -O monitoramento da suscetibilidade de pragas a praguicidas é essencial para programas de manejo da resistência. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verifi car a variabilidade genética de populações de Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), oriundas de diferentes áreas agrícolas, quanto a suscetibilidade a inseticidas no Brasil, por meio de dois testes diferentes. Quatro populações de mosca-branca foram testadas em relação a uma população suscetível de referência (SusIAC); duas oriundas de Goiás (GO-1 e GO-2) e outras duas da Bahia (BA-1 e BA-2). Uma técnica de bioensaio do tipo contato residual foi empregada para realização dos testes: 1) teste diagnóstico da resistência; e 2) teste para obtenção das linhas de suscetibilidade das populações. Os produtos utilizados foram acetamipride, imidaclopride, tiametoxam, clorpirifós e endosulfam. Utilizaram-se insetos adultos não separados por sexo e nem por idade nos testes. As avaliações foram realizadas em 24h, para o teste com endosulfam, e em 48h, para os demais produtos. Ambos os testes revelaram variabilidade genética quanto à suscetibilidade de mosca-branca aos inseticidas. No entanto, a discriminação entre as populações de B. tabaci foi mais evidente com o uso de testes diagnósticos. A população GO-2 foi signifi cativamente menos suscetível aos produtos testados que a SusIAC, principalmente em relação aos neonicotinóides. A situação mais crítica de resistência de mosca-branca foi com tiametoxam, seguida pelo imidaclopride. PALAVRAS-CHAVE

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Resistance in the cotton whitefly,Bemisia tabaci(Genn.), to insecticide recently introduced into Sudan Gezira

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Is there a role for Bt cotton in IPM for smallholders in Africa?

Is there a role for Bt cotton in IPM for smallholders in Africa?

Integrated management of insect pests, diseases and weeds of cotton in Africa

Monitoramento da suscetibilidade a inseticidas em populações de Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) no Brasil

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