2002
DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(02)00181-0
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Resistance of Candida species to antifungal agents: molecular mechanisms and clinical consequences

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Cited by 691 publications
(516 citation statements)
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References 107 publications
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“…According to these facts, it was possible to demonstrate the complexity of the epidemiological chain of colonization -infection processes. Like expression of virulence-associated factors are strain dependent, an accurate identification of yeasts and their virulence-associated factors is essential to detect the emergence of yeasts and to predict the antifungal agents response, considering the increasing tolerance and antifungal resistance mechanisms [1,2,20,[22][23][24].…”
Section: Dubliniensis C Parapsilosis C Orthopsilosis C Metapsilmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…According to these facts, it was possible to demonstrate the complexity of the epidemiological chain of colonization -infection processes. Like expression of virulence-associated factors are strain dependent, an accurate identification of yeasts and their virulence-associated factors is essential to detect the emergence of yeasts and to predict the antifungal agents response, considering the increasing tolerance and antifungal resistance mechanisms [1,2,20,[22][23][24].…”
Section: Dubliniensis C Parapsilosis C Orthopsilosis C Metapsilmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This is the case of some increasing prevalence diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and hypothyroidism, that in addition to debilitate immune system of individuals, has led to a continuous and exacerbated prescription of immunosuppressant drugs [1,11,17,18,24,37,40,41,[67][68][69].…”
Section: Impaired Immune System and Underlying Disease Statesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The study of the fungal virulence factors and involved genes on antifungal resistance, among other important biological components with a direct interference on drug resistance, is crucial (Franz et al, 1998;Kanafani and Perfect, 2008;Lupetti et al, 2003;Mayer et al, 2013;Noël, 2012;Perlin, 2014;Sangamwar et al, 2008;Sanglard and Odds, 2002;White et al, 2002White et al, , 1998. Mayer et al (2013) quoted polymorphism, secretion of hydrolases; pH sensing and regulation; metabolic adaptation; environmental stress response; heat shock proteins and small heat shock proteins, and metal acquisition as the most important virulence factors and fitness attributes, while Lewis et al (2012) proposed that the inhibition of macrophage cell division or arrest of the host macrophages to confine the pathogens, is another virulence attribute of Candida species, in particular C. albicans.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Of note, new triazoles have been developed, with the aim of avoiding fluconazole cross resistance. However, cross resistance to voriconazole and posaconazole has been extensively reported with C. glabrata and C. albicans strains (Sanglard et al 1996, Perea et al 2001, Sanglard and Odds 2002, Kanafani and Perfect 2008.…”
Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Antifungal Resistancementioning
confidence: 99%