Resistance of Peanut to Sclerotinia Blight and the Effect of Acibenzolar-S-methyl and Fluazinam on Disease Incidence

Abstract

Sclerotinia minor, a soilborne fungal pathogen of peanut, can cause serious yield loss in North Carolina. A field test was implemented to study genotype reaction, and the effect of aciben-zolar-S-methyl (a plant activator) and the fungicide fluazinam on disease incidence. In all, 13 genotypes in 1997 and 12 genotypes in 1998 were evaluated. Three applications of acibenzolar-S-methyl (0.14 kg a.i./ha) or fluazinam (0.58 kg a.i./ha) were made on a calendar-based schedule. Disease ratings were made weekly in 1997 and every other week in 1998. Fluazinam suppressed disease at all sites and increased yield at two of three locations. Acibenzolar-S-methyl had no effect on disease incidence or yield. The advanced breeding line N92056C and cvs. Tam-run 98 (TX 901417) and Perry (N93112C) had moderate to high levels of resistance to S. minorand produced high yields compared with susceptible cv. NC 7. Lines derived from wild species also demonstrated moderate to high levels of resistance relative to NC 7 and represent potential breeding lines.

Control of white mold of dry bean and residual activity of fungicides applied by chemigation

“…Fluazinam is considered a protectant (Lemay et al, 2002;Vitoratos, 2014) and must be applied prior to disease onset for best results, which typically coincides with first bloom and an additional application may be necessary if the favorable conditions to white mold continues (Paula Júnior et al, 2009b). The mode of action of fluazinam is uncoupling of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, consequently halting synthesis of ATP without affecting the respiratory chain and ATP synthesis (Guo et al, 1991;Vitoratos, 2014).…”

Fungicide Sensitivity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: A Thorough Assessment Using Discriminatory Dose, EC50, High-Resolution Melting analysis, and Description of New Point Mutation Associated with Thiophanate-Methyl Resistance

“…Fluazinam is one of the most effective fungicides for controlling Sclerotinia diseases (Lemay et al 2002;Mahoney et al 2014;Matheron and Porchas 2004;Vieira et al 2012). This fungicide has activity at multiple sites and, therefore, risk of resistance development is low .…”

Effect of Sclerotinia minor Infection Loci on Peanut Production Parameters

“…Many studies have examined the effect of fungicide application method on soilborne fungal disease incidence in peanuts (Sturgeon, 1990;Brenneman et al, 1991;Smith et al, 1992;Brenneman and Culbreath, 1994;Damicone and Jackson, 2001;Lemay et al, 2002). Sturgeon (1990) reported that southern blight incidence in peanuts was reduced when fungicide was applied in conjunction with a canopy opener.…”