Resistance of potato cultivars to <i>Synchytrium endobioticum</i> in field and laboratory tests, risk of secondary infection, and implications for phytosanitary regulations

Baayen, R.P.; Bonthuis, H.; Withagen, J.C.M.; Wander, J.G.N.; Lamers, J. L.; Meffert, Johan P.; Cochius, G.; Leeuwen, G. C. M. van; Hendriks, H.; Heerink, B. G. J.; Boogert, P.H.J.F. van den; Griend, P. van de; Bosch, R. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2338.2005.00775.x

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…So, the current level for partial de-scheduling an infested plot with no more than five sporangia g À1 soil (OEPP/EPPO, 1999) is easily met by both methods. However, this threshold does not seem to be appropriate , because infection is possible at much lower densities of about 0.1 sporangia g À1 soil (Hampson, 1992;Browning, 1995;Baayen et al, 2005). Therefore a lower threshold level is necessary and is within reach, especially for the HC2-method, with an acceptable measurement error.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

A novel technique using the Hendrickx centrifuge for extracting winter sporangia of Synchytrium endobioticum from soil

et al. 2007

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A zonal centrifugation method, known as the Hendrickx centrifuge technique, was tested for routine detection of winter sporangia of Synchytrium endobioticum in soil. In four experiments the ability of the Hendrickx centrifuge to extract the sporangia from soil was compared with a method used by the Dutch Plant Protection Service, which is a modification of the recommended EPPO method. Naturally and artificially contaminated soil samples were used to study the recovery percentage of and variation in numbers of winter sporangia. The effects of soil type and inoculum density were studied. The Hendrickx centrifuge method, developed originally for extraction of free living nematodes from soil, performed better than the method used by the Dutch Plant Protection Service. This was due to a better extraction recovery (60% higher), a lower measurement error (50% lower) and a lower detection level (down to 0.02 sporangia g À1 soil). The Hendrickx centrifuge method is much less labour-intensive than the method used by the Dutch Plant Protection Service. It can be used to extract many different organisms from soil, and DNA can be subsequently extracted from the supernatant for further PCR analysis. Inclusion of the Hendrickx centrifuge method in the official EPPO diagnostic protocol for regulated pests is recommended as an alternative method for detection of sporangia in soil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

A novel technique using the Hendrickx centrifuge for extracting winter sporangia of Synchytrium endobioticum from soil

et al. 2007

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“…Since 1990, pathotype 6(O1) is also present in this region (Stachewicz et al, 2002;Stachewicz and Baayen, 2003). In 1991, pathotype 1(D1) was rediscovered in the vicinity of Horst, in the southern province Limburg (Baayen et al, 2005). At present, the pathogen is contained in two demarcated regions in the northeast and southeast in The Netherlands.…”

Section: Potato Wart Disease In Europementioning

confidence: 94%

History of potato wart disease in Europe – a proposal for harmonisation in defining pathotypes

et al. 2006

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Potato wart disease, caused by the chytridiomycete Synchytrium endobioticum, was first introduced into Europe in the late 19th century. It spread quickly, and today is reported in 15 European countries. Initially, only one pathotype was found, and the disease was efficiently controlled using resistant cultivars. In 1941, however, formerly resistant cultivars showed wart formation in the field simultaneously in Germany and South Bohemia (Czech Republic), indicating the occurrence of new pathotypes. New pathotypes have since been reported from Germany, The Netherlands, Czech Republic, Ukraine and Canada. Today the pathogen is present in The Netherlands (only in fields for ware and starch potatoes) but restricted to two demarcated areas and subject to official control. Outside these areas, the pathogen is absent. For pathotyping, different countries have used different sets of differential cultivars, and the usual system of numerical coding of pathotypes has not been consistently followed. In this review we propose a new standardised code to be used for the 43 pathotypes currently known and described in Europe. The code is a combination of a numerical and letter code, combining the two terminologies used by former West and East Germany, respectively. We also plead for harmonisation in the choice of differential cultivars used for pathotype identification. The set of differentials described in the international standard for diagnosis of S. endobioticum issued by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO), should serve as a basis. Through close collaboration of European countries dealing with new pathotypes of potato wart disease, a final agreed upon set of differentials, combined with a set of reference isolates, should ultimately be established, allowing a clear distinction between the most important pathotypes occurring in Europe.

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“…Performance criteria available In a test performed by the Dutch NPPO, 50% of tubers of cv. Maritiema developed warts with pathotypes 1(D1) and 6(O1) at an inoculum density of 1 resting spore per gram of soil, and >90% of tubers developed warts at a density of 5 resting spores per gram of soil (Baayen et al, 2005). In the United Kingdom, cv.…”

Section: Bioassaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

PM 7/28 (2) Synchytrium endobioticum

2017

EPPO Bulletin

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Resistance of potato cultivars to Synchytrium endobioticum in field and laboratory tests, risk of secondary infection, and implications for phytosanitary regulations

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

A novel technique using the Hendrickx centrifuge for extracting winter sporangia of Synchytrium endobioticum from soil

A novel technique using the Hendrickx centrifuge for extracting winter sporangia of Synchytrium endobioticum from soil

History of potato wart disease in Europe – a proposal for harmonisation in defining pathotypes

PM 7/28 (2) Synchytrium endobioticum

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