Resistance of Soybean Genotypes toAnticarsia gemmatalis(Lepidoptera: Erebidae): Antixenosis and Antibiosis Characterization

Abstract

Injury by herbivores is a major biotic stress that limits soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] crop production. Among the main soybean insect pests, Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner is responsible for causing significant economic damage in soybean. The primary management strategy for this insect is chemical control and use of Bt transgenic soybean. Alternative strategies, such as host plant resistance, are considered an efficient and less-aggressive method, especially in association with other strategies as part of an integrated pest management (IPM) approach. In this study, we evaluated 30 soybean genotypes to verify antixenosis expression through oviposition, attractiveness, and food consumption tests. From this, we selected 13 promising genotypes to verify the possible presence of antibiosis. Our results suggest that antixenosis was found in genotypes ‘TMG 133’ RR, ‘TMG 1179’ RR, ‘IAC 19’, ‘IAC 17’, ‘IAC 100’, D75-10169, and IAC 78-2318. By influence on behavior and negative impact on larval viability, antixenosis and antibiosis were indicated for the genotypes IAC 74-2832, ‘IAC 19’, ‘IAC 17’, ‘IAC 100’, and PI 274454. ‘TMG 7062’ IPRO was found to provide antibiosis resistance by negatively affecting larval development and viability. Because of reduced food consumption by larvae, antixenosis was indicated for ‘IAC 24’. These genotypes should be considered in soybean breeding programs focusing on soybean resistance to A. gemmatalis.

Responses of Six Wheat Cultivars (Triticum aestivum) to Wheat Aphid (Sitobion avenae) Infestation

“…In this study, Ganchun No.18 had the longest S. avenae DD and lowest AQR, whereas Longchunza No.2 had the shortest DD and the highest AQR. Antibiosis primarily inhibits the target pest’s life cycle, including development, reproduction, and survival [ 43 ]. This suggests that the Ganchun No.18 cultivar may have possessed a stronger antibiosis trait that inhibited the growth of S. avenae .…”

Chili Pepper Jojutla Morelos (Capsicum annuum L.), CJ-2018: A Variety Resistant to Bactericera cockerelli

“…Oviposition preference assays are commonly used to identify pest-resistant plants based on antixenosis, for example in soybean ( Glycine max ) against Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) [ 19 , 20 ], Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) [ 21 ], and Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) [ 22 ], as well as in beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) and chili ( Capsicum spp.) against B. tabaci [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Antixenosis and antibiosis characterization on soybean cultivars of Anticarsiagemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)

“…The Lepidoptera are considered the most important defoliator group of pests in soybean, causing total or partial defoliation in all phenological stages of the plant, affecting grain yield (BUENO et al, 2011;FORMENTINI et al, 2015). The velvet bean caterpillar Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) stands out among the main soybean pests (QUEIROZ et al, 2020a;QUEIROZ et al, 2020b;ONGARATTO et al, 2021).…”