Resistance of Strains of Chickens to Marek’s Disease

Grunder, A. A.; Jeffers, T. K.; Spencer, J. L.; Robertson, Alan; Speckmann, G.

doi:10.4141/cjas72-001

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Post mortem examinations in the MD challenge test were similar to those described by Grunder et al (1972). MD mortality included all birds that died with gross lesions typical of MD in visceral organs, brachial and/or sciatic plexus or in muscles of breast or thighs.…”

Section: Post Mortem Examinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All chickens in each test were randomly distributed throughout the 10 pens on the day of hatch. They were inoculated intra-abdominally at 22 days of age with blood from chickens infected with the BC-1 isolate of MD virus as described by Grunder et al (1972). The challenge tests lasted 81 and 84 days in years 1970 and 1971 respectively.…”

Section: Egg Production Test and Vaccination Against MDmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Assessment of Effects of Vaccination on Genetic Resistance to Marek’s Disease

Gavora¹,

Grunder²,

Spencer³

et al. 1974

Poultry Science

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Relationship between resistance to Marek's disease (MD) and production traits in vaccinated and non-vaccinated birds was studied over two generations in two Leghorn strains under selection for high egg production and related characters. In two experiments female progeny of a total of 116 sires and 758 dams were injected with MD virus at 3 weeks and survivors examined for lesions of MD at 12 weeks of age. Full sisters of the challenged birds were placed on 497 day egg production tests in which they were adventitiously exposed to MD. In the second generation all birds on the egg production test were vaccinated for MD.Average heritability of resistance to MD among birds injected with MD virus was .61. Heritability of laying house livability which included mortality from MD and from other causes was .11. Correlations between resistance to MD and production traits indicate that birds genetically more resistant to MD tend to have lower body weight, to mature earlier and to lay smaller eggs. Positive genetic correlations observed between resistance to MD and the egg production rate in vaccinated birds would tend to maintain or increase the genetic resistance to MD in populations under selection for high egg production, even though vaccination would reduce the effects of natural selection for resistance.

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Section: Post Mortem Examinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Egg Production Test and Vaccination Against MDmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of Effects of Vaccination on Genetic Resistance to Marek’s Disease

Gavora¹,

Grunder²,

Spencer³

et al. 1974

Poultry Science

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“…The first investigators (Waters, 1945;Heisdorf et al, 1947) found no relationship between the two methods; later, others (Biggs et al, 1968;Schmittle and Eidson, 1968;Grunder et al, 1972) found a positive correlation. These conflicting results may have been due to confusion between visceral MD lymphomas and lymphoid leukosis, both of which were termed "lymphomatosis" by early investigators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The development of two white Plymouth Rock lines resistant to Marek's disease by breeding from survivors¹

et al. 1981

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SUMMARYA programme to develop resistance to Marek's disease (MD) in chickens in two non-inbred White Plymouth Rock (WPR) lines by breeding from survivors was initiated in 1968 and since then nine generations have been produced. In each generation only sires and dams which survived heavy exposure to virulent MD virus (MDV), Dutch strain K, either by inoculation (for the first two generations) or by contact-exposure (for the following seven generations) were used.In this long term trial a high level of resistance to MD was reached within five generations; thereafter no marked further increase in resistance could be obtained. Susceptibility to MD, reflected by MD mortality in each generation, was expressed as % incidence of MD.Statistical evaluation of MD susceptibility in the nine generations of the two lines revealed a significant interaction between MD mortality and two sources of variation, sex and generation. No overall line effect was found, but there was a significant line x generation interaction. The remaining interactions were not significant. Results indicate that breeding from survivors for development of resistance to MD is feasible. Exposure of birds to either artificial (by injection) or

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“…Based on previous studies (e.g. Grunder et al, 1972), the resistance to MD virus could be considered relatively high in strain 4, intermediate in strains 5 and K and low in strain S. Experiments 1, 2 and 3 were designed to study the effects of strain of chickens and of maternal antibody against MD associated antigens on resistance to JMV-L, JMV-H and TLT respectively. Chicks for these experiments were produced within each of the above four strains from the following three flocks of dams (originating from a common grand parental stock): (a) dams free of infection with MD virus, kept in a filtered air, positive pressure facility; (b) dams adventitiously exposed to MD, kept in a conventional facility; (c) dams vaccinated with herpesvirus of turkeys on the day of hatch and kept in the same conventional facility as dams (b).…”

Section: Lymphoid Tumor Preparations Jmv Was An MD Tumor Cell Inoculmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…White Leghorn chickens from Ottawa strains 4 and 5 (Grunder et al, 1972) and Cornell strains K and S (Hutt and Cole, 1957) were used in the study. Strain 4 had been selected for high egg production and related traits over 24 generations and its egg production was similar to that of commercial breeding stocks.…”

Section: Lymphoid Tumor Preparations Jmv Was An MD Tumor Cell Inoculmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Resistance to Lymphoid Tumor Transplants

Gavora¹,

Spencer²,

Hare³

et al. 1977

Poultry Science

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Day-old chicks of Ottawa strains 4 and 5 and Cornell strains K and S, with or without maternal antibody against antigens related to Marek's disease (MD), were challenged with serial dilutions of MD tumor transplants (JMV-L or JMV-H) or transmissible lymphoid tumor (TLT) of Olson in three consecutive experiments. Thirty chicks were tested in most combinations of strain, dilution and antibody status for a total of approximately 2000 chicks per experiment. Two subsequent experiments, with a total of more than 1900 chickens, investigated the influence of age at challenge on the resistance of strains 4, K and S to JMV-L and the objective of the sixth experiment was to determine the chromosomal sex of the tumor cells. In terms of mortality up to 16 or 17 days after inoculation, the response to challenge of day-old chicks with JMV-L did not appear to be influenced by the presence of antibody against MD related antigens but differed among strains of chickens. The estimated dose (LD50) that would kill 50% of a challenged population of Strain 4 was approximately 10,000 live JMV-L cells, while the corresponding estimates for strains 5 and K were approximately 600 cells and for strain S it was 50 cells. JMV-H and TLT were highly lethal to all four strains and all estimates of LD50 at 16 or 17 days post challenge were less than 10 cells. Resistance to JMV-L increased rapidly with age at challenge. Strains 4 and K were approaching complete resistance by 7 days of age and the susceptible strain S, when challenged at 14 days, was more resistant than day-old chicks of strains 4 and K. The chromosomal sex of the JMV-L, JMV-H and TLT tumor cells was female and this marker was used to confirm their transplantability.

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Resistance of Strains of Chickens to Marek’s Disease

Abstract: Fifteen strains of chickens wele tested in by contact in a controlled environment house three experiments for susceptibility to Marek's (

Cited by 30 publications

References 5 publications

An Assessment of Effects of Vaccination on Genetic Resistance to Marek’s Disease

An Assessment of Effects of Vaccination on Genetic Resistance to Marek’s Disease

The development of two white Plymouth Rock lines resistant to Marek's disease by breeding from survivors¹

Genetic Resistance to Lymphoid Tumor Transplants

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Resistance of Strains of Chickens to Marek’s Disease

Abstract: Fifteen strains of chickens wele tested in by contact in a controlled environment house three experiments for susceptibility to Marek's (

Cited by 30 publications

References 5 publications

An Assessment of Effects of Vaccination on Genetic Resistance to Marek’s Disease

An Assessment of Effects of Vaccination on Genetic Resistance to Marek’s Disease

The development of two white Plymouth Rock lines resistant to Marek's disease by breeding from survivors1

Genetic Resistance to Lymphoid Tumor Transplants

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The development of two white Plymouth Rock lines resistant to Marek's disease by breeding from survivors¹