Resistance of wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici to DMI and QoI fungicides in the Nordic-Baltic region - a status

Heick, Thies Marten; Justesen, Annemarie Fejer; Jørgensen, Lise Nistrup

doi:10.1007/s10658-017-1216-7

Cited by 52 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Similar patterns of diversifying selection and intragenic recombination, leading to the emergence of new genotypes with a selective advantage, have recently been observed in North America . The observed dynamics are consistent with the general gradual erosion of azole efficacy observed in several European countries . Results from a European trial network demonstrated major variations in azole performance across Europe correlated with a clear eastward pattern of decrease in the frequency of all cyp51 mutations, with the exception of the I381V and A379G variants (TriMR genetic background).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Several phenotypic or molecular methods for detecting and quantifying fungicide resistance in Z. tritici have been reported and can be used to investigate resistance dynamics. Several studies have described the variation over space and/or time of the mean EC 50 (half‐maximal effective concentration, the dose at which 50% of the maximal growth inhibition is observed) and its derivatives (‘resistance intensity‐based approaches’), whereas other studies have described variations in the prevalence of several mutations or phenotypes (‘resistance frequency‐based approaches’). Resistance intensity‐based approaches characterize resistance phenotypes clearly, but require strain isolation, which is labour‐intensive and time‐consuming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These approaches are therefore subject to limitations due to the assessment of relatively small numbers of isolates sampled from the population, whereas other tools (e.g., molecular‐based quantitative tools or microbiological tests using spore bulks) can quantify resistance frequency without the need for strain isolation, resulting in a more representative sample. Moreover, many of these studies have reported snapshot analyses of resistance status or changes in resistance over a short period (∼ 1–3 years) or in a limited territory (∼ 2–100 locations), using ∼ 10–50 samples per date or location. Thus, in the studies published to date, the principal limitations to the description of resistance dynamics have been sample size and spatiotemporal scale, whereas the sample selected should be as exhaustive as possible, to make it possible to obtain quantitative descriptions of resistance evolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal dynamics of fungicide resistance in the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici in France

Garnault

Duplaix

Leroux

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Management of pesticide resistance is a major issue in modern agricultural systems, particularly in the context of the broader challenge of reducing pesticide use. However, such management must be adapted to resistance dynamics, which remains challenging to predict due to its dependence on many biological traits of pests, interactions with the environment and pesticide use. We retrospectively studied the evolution of reported resistances to four modes of action (benzimidazoles, quinone outside inhibitors, sterol demethylation inhibitors and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors), in French populations of the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. RESULTS: We used statistical models to analyse the Performance trial network data set (2004-2017; ∼ 70 locations in France yearly). They highlighted contrasting behaviours between phenotypes, for example: (i) stable spatial distributions and colonization front structures over time, and (ii) different frequency growth rates at the national scale and between regions. CONCLUSION:We provide a quantitative description of the spatiotemporal patterns of resistance evolution for fungicides with several modes of action. Moreover, we highlight some unexpected resistance dynamics in France, with major differences between the north and south. This complex pattern of resistance evolution in French populations is consistent with previous descriptions of dynamics at the European scale. These results should make it easier to anticipate evolution locally and to improve the management of resistance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal dynamics of fungicide resistance in the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici in France

Garnault

Duplaix

Leroux

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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“…Here, however, the authors found that the most recently sampled isolates carried no more than a single mutation associated with azole resistance, which they attributed to a very recent emergence. This is in sharp contrast to the most recently genotyped isolates from Europe, which carry complex and very diverse combinations of NS mutations (23,24,28,33).…”

contrasting

confidence: 63%

Rapid Parallel Evolution of Azole Fungicide Resistance in Australian Populations of the Wheat Pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici

McDonald

Renkin

Spackman

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Zymoseptoria tritici is a globally distributed fungal pathogen which causes Septoria tritici blotch on wheat. Management of the disease is attempted through the deployment of resistant wheat cultivars and the application of fungicides. However, fungicide resistance is commonly observed in Z. tritici populations, and continuous monitoring is required to detect breakdowns in fungicide efficacy. We recently reported azole-resistant isolates in Australia; however, it remained unknown whether resistance was brought into the continent through gene flow or whether resistance emerged independently. To address this question, we screened 43 isolates across five Australian locations for azole sensitivity and performed wholegenome sequencing on 58 isolates from seven locations to determine the genetic basis of resistance. Population genomic analyses showed extremely strong differentiation between the Australian population recovered after azoles began to be used and both Australian populations recovered before azoles began to be used and populations on different continents. The apparent absence of recent gene flow between Australia and other continents suggests that azole fungicide resistance has evolved de novo and subsequently spread within Tasmania. Despite the isolates being distinct at the whole-genome level, we observed combinations of nonsynonymous substitutions at the CYP51 locus identical to those observed elsewhere in the world. We observed nine previously reported nonsynonymous mutations as well as isolates that carried a combination of the previously reported L50S, S188N, A379G, I381V, Y459DEL, G460DEL, and N513K substitutions. Assays for the 50% effective concentration against a subset of isolates exposed to the tebuconazole and epoxiconazole fungicides showed high levels of azole resistance. The rapid, parallel evolution of a complex CYP51 haplotype that matches a dominant European haplotype demonstrates the enormous potential for de novo resistance emergence in pathogenic fungi.

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“…QoIs), are no longer used because of the evolution of resistance (Torriani et al, 2015). The efficacy of existing chemistries is also now being re-considered because of the performance reduction of DMIs in the field (Dooley et al, 2016;Heick et al, 2017). Furthermore, the future availability of some DMIs and SHDIs remains in doubt because of the impending EU Regulations and the emergence of new SHDI semi-resistant strains (Jess et al, 2014).…”

Section: Molecular Understanding Of the Zt-wheat Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of wheat diseases—a field perspective

Figueroa

Hammond‐Kosack

Solomon

2017

Molecular Plant Pathology

492

238

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Wheat is one of the primary staple foods throughout the planet. Significant yield gains in wheat production over the past 40 years have resulted in a steady balance of supply versus demand. However, predicted global population growth rates and dietary changes mean that substantial yield gains over the next several decades will be needed to meet this escalating demand. A key component to meeting this challenge is better management of fungal incited diseases, which can be responsible for 15%-20% yield losses per annum. Prominent diseases of wheat that currently contribute to these losses include the rusts, blotches and head blight/scab. Other recently emerged or relatively unnoticed diseases, such as wheat blast and spot blotch, respectively, also threaten grain production. This review seeks to provide an overview of the impact, distribution and management strategies of these diseases. In addition, the biology of the pathogens and the molecular basis of their interaction with wheat are discussed.

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Resistance of wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici to DMI and QoI fungicides in the Nordic-Baltic region - a status

Cited by 52 publications

References 37 publications

Spatiotemporal dynamics of fungicide resistance in the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici in France

Spatiotemporal dynamics of fungicide resistance in the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici in France

Rapid Parallel Evolution of Azole Fungicide Resistance in Australian Populations of the Wheat Pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici

A review of wheat diseases—a field perspective

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