Resistance of winter wheat varieties registered in the Czech Republic to Fusarium head blight in relation to the presence of specific Rht Alleles

Abstract

Abstract:Resistance of 31 winter wheat varieties (bred in 6 European countries) to Fusarium head blight (FHB) was evaluated in field trials lasting for three years (2007, 2008, 2009) after artificial inoculation with Fusarium culmorum. The data on deoxynivalenol (DON) content were supplemented by symptom scores and determination of % of Fusarium damaged grains and % reductions of thousand-grain weight and grain weight per spike due to infection. These varieties and also 120 advanced breeding lines from the Úhřetice Breeding Station, SELGEN company were examined for the presence of gibberellic acid (GA) insensitive semi-dwarfing genes to evaluate their effect on FHB. The conditions of experimental years highly influenced the performance of all characters. The highest production of DON occurred in 2008 at a high temperature and high moisture content during the infection period. In all years the moderate resistance to accumulation of DON (at the level of Swiss variety Arina) was detected in the Czech varieties Bakfis, Federer, Baletka, Samanta and Sakura. Among these varieties, Federer showed a low accumulation of DON at a relatively higher symptom expression and greater reduction of grain weight per spike, but the other four varieties and the reference variety Arina expressed resistance in all the examined traits. The varieties Pitbull, Cubus, Kodex and Bagou were found to be highly susceptible to FHB. The presence of the dwarfing allele rht-D1b resulted in a significantly higher mean symptom score and also in a higher affection of the other traits. Nonetheless, the analysis of frequency distributions in symptom scores showed the presence of resistant lines also among the GA insensitive lines, but with a lower frequency than in the group of GA sensitive genotypes. A relatively greater effect on manifestation of the disease had plant height, and therefore it is suggested that the adverse impact of rht-D1b on FHB resistance could be to a high degree excluded by opting for taller rht-D1b genotypes.

Differences in physiological traits at the initial stage of Fusarium head blight infection in wheat

“…The cultivars showed different disease incidence and severity. Previous screening of the genetic resources led to the identification of resistance in investigated cultivars of winter wheat, such as 'U1' (Spanic et al 2013), 'Apache' (Chrpová et al 2010), and 'Bezostaya1' (Spanic et al 2013). Furthermore, it was previously concluded by Holzapfel et al (2008) that promising source of moderate resistance to FHB may be the French cultivar Apache with adaptation to European conditions.…”

Study of metabolite profiles in winter wheat cultivars induced by Fusarium infection

“…Colla et al (2012) suggest that current EU regulation can lead to further and significant reductions of the available crop protection portfolio, resulting in the loss of active ingredients, having additional impact on the registration of novel products. In this situation the most desirable approach is to grow cultivars resistant to Fusarium, characterised by low DON accumulation in grain (Bartók and Lamper 2003;Chrpová et al 2010). The resistance to fusarium head blight is influenced by many factors, such as climatic conditions and defence mechanisms in plants.…”

Evaluation of wheat genotypes resistance to Fusarium head blight in Paraguay

“…Similar results were reported in Argentina, where the Biointa-2004 cultivar presented high levels of FHB infection, diseased kernels and deoxynivalenol content, without depressed yields (Bainotti & Donaire 2015). The Bohemia variety, in spite of its lower expression of FHB and relatively higher grain yield, accumulated higher concentrations of deoxynivalenol (Chrpová et al 2010). Finally, to classify two new wheat lines (Lin 84 and Caninde 21) for their reactions to FHB, NP-Manova was used to compare their infections with the previously known resistant and susceptible genotypes in the study (Table 6).…”