Resistance responses to local changes in plasma osmolality in three vascular beds

Gazitúa, S; Scott, JB; Swindall, Booker T.; Fj, Haddy

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.220.2.384

Cited by 117 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Furthermore, the larger vessels of ischemic kidneys treated with mannitol had a mean endothelial thickness which was even less than that of normal vessels of the same size (0.45 ±0.04 and 0.57 -'0.04 / mean thickness, respectively with P of the difference <0.05). This reduction in endothelial thickness hypertonic mannitol even into nonischemic tissues (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Role of Cell Swelling in Ischemic Renal Damage and the Protective Effect of Hypertonic Solute

Flores¹,

DiBona²,

Beck³

et al. 1972

J. Clin. Invest.

426

146

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A B S T R A C T The failure of blood flow to return to the kidney following a transient period of ischemia has long been recognized. The cause of this "no-reflow" has been investigated in the rat after a transient period of total obstruction of the renal arteries. The vascular pattern of the kidneys as visualized with silicone rubber injection shows a diffuse patchy ischemia throughout the kidney, which persists after release of the obstructed renal artery. Electron microscopic studies of ischemic kidneys showed that all cellular elements were swollen and limiting the available vascular space. Functional studies revealed an increase in plasma urea nitrogen and creatinine after 1 hr or longer ischemic periods. The ischemia, cell swelling, "no-reflow," and subsequent renal dysfunction occurring after obstruction to the renal arteries were corrected by the administration of hypertonic mannitol, but were unaffected by an equivalent expansion of the extracellular fluid volume either with isotonic saline or isotonic mannitol, showing that the osmotic effect was primary. The hypothesis is presented that ischemic swelling of cells may occlude small blood vessels so that recirculation does not resume even after the initial cause of the ischemia is no longer present; solutes which do not penetrate cell membranes are able to shrink swollen cells, increase the available vascular space and thus permit reflow of blood to the ischemic organ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Role of Cell Swelling in Ischemic Renal Damage and the Protective Effect of Hypertonic Solute

Flores¹,

DiBona²,

Beck³

et al. 1972

J. Clin. Invest.

426

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Amelhora do débito cardíaco parece ser independente da melhora da pré-carga. O aumento do débito cardíaco pode ser por efeito direto sobre a contratilidade 22 ou por extensa vasodilatação pré-capilar 10,23 . A infusão de solução hipertônica de cloreto de sódio não alterou a PAM e a PVCI, diferindo de alguns trabalhos que mostraram elevação destes parâmetros 7,10 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Cardiac output improvement seems to be independent of preload improvement. Cardiac output increase may be caused by a direct effect on contractility 22 or by extensive pre-capillary vasodilatation 10,23 . Hypertonic sodium chloride solution infusion has not changed MBP and IVCP, differently from other studies showing increase in those parameters 7,10 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efeitos renais e cardiovasculares da infusão de dopamina e da solução de cloreto de sódio a 7,5%: estudo experimental em cães com restrição hídrica

Verderese¹,

Vianna²,

Ganem³

et al. 2003

Rev. Bras. Anestesiol.

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“…They act on different parts of the cardiovascular system, mainly the heart and vascular resistances. Therefore, the vascular resistance response differs with the solution used and the vascular bed of the organ studied [1,2].Hypertonic saline solution (sodium chloride (NaCl) 7.5%) with dextran 6% has been shown to increase volaemia ten-times more than dextran 6% by an osmotic effect (transfer of water from the interstitial to vascular space), this, in turn, increases cardiac output (Q) and decreases systemic vascular resistance [3,4]. However, the effect of this hypertonic saline and dextran solution on pulmonary circulation remains unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypertonic saline solution (sodium chloride (NaCl) 7.5%) with dextran 6% has been shown to increase volaemia ten-times more than dextran 6% by an osmotic effect (transfer of water from the interstitial to vascular space), this, in turn, increases cardiac output (Q) and decreases systemic vascular resistance [3,4]. However, the effect of this hypertonic saline and dextran solution on pulmonary circulation remains unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of hypertonic saline dextran solutions on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in anaesthetised piglets

Bellezza¹,

Kerbaul²,

Roussel³

et al. 2002

Eur Respir J

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The effect of hypertonic saline dextran solutions on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in anaesthetised piglets. M. Bellezza, F. Kerbaul, L. Roussel, M. Imbert, C. Guidon. #ERS Journals Ltd 2002. ABSTRACT: Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is a regulatory mechanism by which blood is diverted from poorly ventilated to better ventilated areas of the lung. The aim of the present study was to assess the extent to which hypertonic saline dextran and dextran solutions modify the magnitude of HPV during isovolumic haemodilution in intact acutely instrumented piglets.Eighteen large white piglets were anesthetised and assigned to two groups. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and cardiac output (Q), systemic arterial pressure and left arterial pressure (LAP) were measured. A decrease in Q was obtained by reducing venous return. This enabled measurement of transpulmonary pressures (mean PAP minus LAP) at four levels of Q in hyperoxia (inspiratory oxygen fraction (Fi,O 2 )=0.4), then in hypoxia (Fi,O 2= 0.1) in the two groups before blood soustraction (10 mL?kg -1 ) and after loading with sodium chloride (NaCl) 7.5% and dextran 6% or with dextran 6% alone. Dextran alone led to a decrease in mean PAP-LAP/Q values, and NaCl with dextran was associated with a significant shift of mean PAP-LAP/Q plots to higher pressures in hypoxia.Hypertonic saline dextran solution, as replacement fluid in isovolaemic haemodilution increased the magnitude of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, whereas dextran solution reduced it. Fluid expanders are usually used for the resuscitation of intraoperative hypovolaemia or haemorragia. They act on different parts of the cardiovascular system, mainly the heart and vascular resistances. Therefore, the vascular resistance response differs with the solution used and the vascular bed of the organ studied [1,2].Hypertonic saline solution (sodium chloride (NaCl) 7.5%) with dextran 6% has been shown to increase volaemia ten-times more than dextran 6% by an osmotic effect (transfer of water from the interstitial to vascular space), this, in turn, increases cardiac output (Q) and decreases systemic vascular resistance [3,4]. However, the effect of this hypertonic saline and dextran solution on pulmonary circulation remains unknown. Dextran used alone can also reduce pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) resulting in a reduction of blood viscosity.Therefore, the effect of these two different plasma expanders on pulmonary vascular circulation was studied, focusing on the hypoxic pulmonary vascular response using pressure (P)/Q relationships in intact anaesthetised piglets submitted to normovolaemic haemodilution. It was hypothesised that these two different plasma expanders would have different effects on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), and thereby modify gas exchange. Piglets were chosen because they exhibit the greatest pulmonary vasoconstriction response to hypoxia [5]. In this study, pulmonary haemodynamics were evaluated by multipoint P/Q (mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP)-LAP/Q) ...

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Resistance responses to local changes in plasma osmolality in three vascular beds

Cited by 117 publications

References 11 publications

The Role of Cell Swelling in Ischemic Renal Damage and the Protective Effect of Hypertonic Solute

The Role of Cell Swelling in Ischemic Renal Damage and the Protective Effect of Hypertonic Solute

Efeitos renais e cardiovasculares da infusão de dopamina e da solução de cloreto de sódio a 7,5%: estudo experimental em cães com restrição hídrica

The effect of hypertonic saline dextran solutions on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in anaesthetised piglets

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