Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae): Genetic and Environmental Causes

Baseline Susceptibility of European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins

“…A significant proportion of that variation was among siblings within a family, whereas differences among families (caused by genetic and mean maternal effect differences among families) accounted for only 16% of the total variation. As reported for the gypsy moth (Rossiter et al 1990), the variation in susceptibility to B. thurirgiensis in European corn borers observed in the current study may reflect vigor differences in growth and developmental capability, attributes that are the product of both genotype and the maternally determined nutritional status of the egg. Similar variation in LC values has been reported among repeated bioassays with B. thuringiensis proteins against larvae from single strains of Colorado potato beetle, LRptinotarsa demlineata, and diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella.…”

“…Similar levels of variability in B. thuringimwk susceptibility were noted previously for the European corn borer using different bioassay techniques (Siegfried et al 1995). Rossiter et al (1990) found significant variation in B. thuringiensis susceptibility among 3 populations of gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar. A significant proportion of that variation was among siblings within a family, whereas differences among families (caused by genetic and mean maternal effect differences among families) accounted for only 16% of the total variation.…”

Baseline Susceptibility of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Crysomelidae) to Cry3Bb1 <I>Bacillus thuringiensis</I> Toxin

“…The variation in baseline susceptibility to B. thuringiensis toxins may reßect differences in vigor among parental populations (Rossiter et al 1990), attributes that are the product of both genotype and the maternally determined nutritional status of the egg. This variation may be especially evident of Þeld populations where a higher degree of variation in maternal status is likely.…”

Population Cycles of Forest Lepidoptera: A Maternal Effect Hypothesis

“…We have found in the literature evidence for all of the relationships postulated by the maternal effect equations. For example, Rossiter (1990) found that larval quality and various life-history traits were influenced by the amount of maternal provisioning (function cp(x)), and that the rate of larval development was influenced by density in the current generation (function cp(Nt+1)). The last result was also found by Campbell (1978).…”