Resistance to Extinction And Satiation Following Training on Random-Ratio Schedules of Reinforcement

Jenkins, Peter E.

doi:10.1007/bf03394559

Cited by 3 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The finding that resistance to change was not related to rate of reinforcement in simple FR, VR, Fl, and VI schedules questions the application of the behavior-momentum hypothesis in this context. The failure to find data consistent with most research on behavior momentum agrees with other studies that have varied rates of reinforcement across successive conditions or in separate groups of subjects (Ayres, 1968;Ayres & Quinsey, 1970;Clark, 1958;Hancock & Ayres, 1974;Jenkins, 1978;Leslie, 1977;Pavlik & Carlton, 1965). Leslie (1977), for example, trained rats under a VI 1 -min schedule, and varied the concentrations of sucrose reinforcement across two conditions.…”

Section: Simple Versus Multiple Schedulessupporting

confidence: 78%

“…All groups showed equivalent reductions in response rates relative to baseline (i.e., 23 hr food deprivation). Jenkins (1978) prefed six groups of rats lever pressing under either FR 1 or random-ratio (RR) 5 to RR 40 schedules of reinforcement. Of all the schedules, response-rate resistance to prefeeding was greatest under FR 1 and RR 5; however, no differences were found among RR 10 to RR 40 groups, and resistance to extinction was greatest under the larger valued RR schedules (see also the extinction data of Church & Raymond, 1967;Pavlik & Carlton, 1965).…”

Section: Simple Versus Multiple Schedulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tests of Behavior Momentum in Simple and Multiple Schedules With Rats and Pigeons

Cohen

Riley

Weigle

1993

J Exper Analysis Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Four experiments examined the relationship between rate of reinforcement and resistance to change in rats' and pigeons' responses under simple and multiple schedules of reinforcement. In Experiment 1, 28 rats responded under either simple fixed-ratio, variable-ratio, fixed-interval, or variable-interval schedules; in Experiment 2, 3 pigeons responded under simple fixed-ratio schedules. Under each schedule, rate of reinforcement varied across four successive conditions. In Experiment 3, 14 rats responded under either a multiple fixed-ratio schedule or a multiple fixed-interval schedule, each with two components that differed in rate of reinforcement. In Experiment 4, 7 pigeons responded under either a multiple fixed-ratio or a multiple fixed-interval schedule, each with three components that also differed in rate of reinforcement. Under each condition of each experiment, resistance to change was studied by measuring schedule-controlled performance under conditions with prefeeding, response-independent food during the schedule or during timeouts that separated components of the multiple schedules, and by measuring behavior under extinction. There were no consistent differences between rats and pigeons. There was no direct relationship between rates of reinforcement and resistance to change when rates of reinforcement varied across successive conditions in the simple schedules. By comparison, in the multiple schedules there was a direct relationship between rates of reinforcement and resistance to change during most tests of resistance to change. The major exception was delivering response-independent food during the schedule; this disrupted responding, but there was no direct relationship between rates of reinforcement and resistance to change in simple- or multiple-schedule contexts. The data suggest that rate of reinforcement determines resistance to change in multiple schedules, but that this relationship does not hold under simple schedules.

show abstract

Section: Simple Versus Multiple Schedulessupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Simple Versus Multiple Schedulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tests of Behavior Momentum in Simple and Multiple Schedules With Rats and Pigeons

Cohen

Riley

Weigle

1993

J Exper Analysis Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There was virtually no change in CRF responding by any of the rats, whereas there were large, systematic variations in response rates maintained by the 2min interval schedules for all rats. Carlton's (1961) result was confirmed by P. Jenkins (1978), who used independent groups of rats trained on CRF or different random-ratio (RR) schedules. (I consider this study in more detail below).…”

Section: Is the Relation Nonmonotonic?mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…(I consider this study in more detail below). After training, extinguishing, and reconditioning lever pressing to stable levels, P. Jenkins (1978) reduced food deprivation from 23 hr to 1 hr. Response rates maintained by CRF decreased substantially less than did those maintained by RR schedules requiring an average of 10,20,30, or 40 responses per reinforcer.…”

Section: Is the Relation Nonmonotonic?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral momentum and the partial reinforcement effect.

Nevin¹

1988

Psychological Bulletin

183

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Publications and Communications Board has opened nominations for the editorship of the Journal of Abnormal Psychology for the years 1990-1995. Don Fowles is the incumbent editor.Candidates must be members of APA and should be available to start receiving manuscripts in early 1989 to prepare for issues published in 1990. Please note that the P&C Board encourages more participation by women and ethnic minority men and women in the publication process and would particularly welcome such nominees. To nominate candidates, prepare a statement of one page or less in support of each candidate. Submit nominations no later than March 1, 1988, to

show abstract

“…One variable that might contribute to the relation between rate of reinforcement and resistance to change in simple schedules is the range of reinforcement rates compared across successive conditions or in independent groups of subjects. Many studies that found a relation consistent with the behavioral momentum model used a range of reinforcement schedules that compared very high reinforcement rates with much lower reinforcement rates, for example, conditions that ranged from CRF and VI 12-s schedules to FI 2-min and VI 30-s schedules (Boren, 1961;Carlton, 1961;Church & Raymond, 1967;P. E. Jenkins, 1978;Nevin, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Behavioral Momentum: The Effects of the Temporal Separation of Rates of Reinforcement

Cohen¹

1998

J Exper Analysis Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Part 1 of the experiment, rats responded under a variable-interval (VI) 30-s schedule and a VI 120-s schedule, with each in effect for a block of consecutive sessions. That is, the two VI schedules were presented in successive conditions. In Part 2 the VI schedules alternated each day, and in Part 3 the schedules alternated within the session as a multiple schedule. For half of the rats in Parts 1 and 2, the VI schedule alternated every few minutes within the session with a stimulus that signaled extinction. For each part, once response rates had stabilized, resistance to change was measured by prefeeding and extinction. When the schedules were examined in successive conditions (Part 1), resistance to extinction was greater under the VI 120-s schedule of reinforcement than under the VI 30-s schedule, but no consistent differences in resistance to prefeeding were observed between the two VI schedules. When the VI schedules alternated each day (Part 2), resistance to extinction was greater under the VI 120-s schedule. However, no consistent differences in resistance to prefeeding were observed between the VI schedules without extinction in Group A, but resistance to prefeeding was greater under the VI 30-s schedule for rats with the added extinction component in Group B. When the VI schedules alternated within the session as a multiple schedule (Part 3), resistance to extinction and resistance to prefeeding were greater under the VI 30-s schedule. The data suggest that different rates of reinforcement, and their accompanying discriminative stimuli, must be compared within the same session (or at least on alternate days) to produce data consistent with the behavioral momentum model.

show abstract

Resistance to Extinction And Satiation Following Training on Random-Ratio Schedules of Reinforcement

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Tests of Behavior Momentum in Simple and Multiple Schedules With Rats and Pigeons

Tests of Behavior Momentum in Simple and Multiple Schedules With Rats and Pigeons

Behavioral momentum and the partial reinforcement effect.

Behavioral Momentum: The Effects of the Temporal Separation of Rates of Reinforcement

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About