Resistance to Bemisia tabaci biotype B of Solanum pimpinellifolium is associated with higher densities of type IV glandular trichomes and acylsugar accumulation

Abstract

Advances in tomato breeding for pest resistance have been achieved via gene introgression from wild Solanum (section Lycopersicon) species (Solanaceae). Ninety-nine F 3 families derived from an interspecific cross using as parental lines Solanum lycopersicum L. 'LAM-148' (susceptible standard) and Solanum pimpinellifolium L. 'TO-937-15' (multiple pest resistance accession with type IV glandular trichomes and acylsugar accumulation) were evaluated for their resistance against the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B in free-choice and no-choice tests for oviposition and adult colonization. The parental lines and eight F 3 families with contrasting levels of resistance against the whitefly were selected and investigated in additional assays, which included the estimation of trichome densities and foliar acylsugar levels. The F 3 families BTR-302 and BTR-331 exhibited low amounts of eggs of whitefly and transgressive segregation for type IV glandular trichome density with values greater than that of TO-937-15 plants. However, the tested families did not surpass the total foliar acylsugar content found in TO-937-15. BTR-331 exhibited low colonization in the free-choice test and it was the least preferred F 3 family in the no-choice test. The higher resistance levels of BTR-331 were associated with a positive combination of higher type IV trichome density and higher acylsugar levels. Some F 3 families displayed reduced fruit set due to the presence of flowers with style exertion of the antheridial-cone. Fruit weight at harvest stage of the selected families (from 4.9 to 14.5 g) was lower than that of LAM-148 (139.5 g) but higher than that of . Therefore, although difficult to reach due to the simultaneous segregation of many polygenic traits, the combination of high B. tabaci resistance levels with superior horticultural traits is feasible. These results confirm TO-937-15 as a source of biotype B resistance. From the breeding standpoint, the genetic similarity between S. lycopersicum and S. pimpinellifolium would allow a more efficient resistance introgression by facilitating recombination and minimizing the potentially undesirable linkage drag associated with this trait.

An Acylsucrose-Producing Tomato Line Derived from the Wild Species Solanum pimpinellifolium Decreases Fitness of the Whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum

“…These trichomes and acylsugars, which are not present in cultivated tomatoes, also mediate the resistance of the wild species S. pennellii against many tomato pests [48]. Presence of type IV leaf glandular trichomes and acylsugar production was also reported in the accessions TO-937 of S. pimpinellifolium associated to arthropod resistance [40,49]. Moreover, the latter resistance trait demonstrated its effectiveness after successful introgression into the cultivated tomato providing antixenosis and antibiosis resistance to the B. tabaci whitefly and significant control of the worldwide damaging tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) [25,50].…”

QTL mapping of insect resistance components of Solanum galapagense

“…Resistance to insects has been identified in wild relatives of the cultivated tomato (Firdaus et al 2012; Muigai et al 2003; Rodriguez-Lopez et al 2011; Silva et al 2014; Vosman et al 2018). In tomato and its relatives, different types of trichomes can be found, both glandular and non-glandular.…”

Exploring New Alleles Involved in Tomato Fruit Quality in an Introgression Line Library of Solanum pimpinellifolium

“…It is therefore a quite suitable accession for introducing new genetic variability into the cultivated tomato genetic pool. Previous works have demonstrated that TO-937 harbors genetic variability that is of interest for breeding purposes, such as enhancing ascorbic acid ( Lima-Silva et al, 2012 ), sugar, organic acid and carotenoid fruit content ( Capel et al, 2015 ), as well as modifying aroma volatile compounds ( Rambla et al, 2014 ) and resistance to pests ( Fernández-Muñoz et al, 2000 ; Silva et al, 2014 ). Furthermore, populations derived from this accession were used to map the Uniform ripening ( U ) locus ( Powell et al, 2012 ).…”