Resistance to Permanent Deformation of Asphalt Concrete with F-T Wax Modified Foamed Bitumen

Mrugała, Justyna; Iwański, M.

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.06.171

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In summary, foaming changes the properties of bitumen and the parameters of cold and warm asphalt mixtures. However, the analysis of foamed bitumen properties and the results of numerous field and laboratory experiments indicate that this change does not affect the main mechanical characteristics of the mixture but contributes to its high quality [ 11 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the emergence of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) technologies [ 15 , 16 , 17 ], water-foamed bitumen was found to be applicable to mixtures used in pavement upper layers [ 18 , 19 ]. Further development allowed lowering mix production temperatures even more, to about 90–110 °C (Half Warm Mix Asphalt, HWMA) [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. At the same time, to ensure high quality of the HWMA material, researchers looked at the influence of various chemical compounds on the binder basic parameters, i.e., maximum expansion (ER) and half-life (HL) [ 9 , 23 ], and properties of foamed bitumen mixtures [ 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of the Water-Based Foaming Process on the Basic and Rheological Properties of Bitumen 70/100

et al. 2021

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The process of water-based foaming of bitumen produces binders that can be incorporated in cold recycled asphalt mixes and pavement upper structural layers made of half-warm mix asphalt prepared at 100–130 °C. During the foaming process, cold water and air act on hot bitumen (160–170 °C), which results in the explosive vaporization of water leading to changes in the binder structure. The impact of foaming on the properties of bitumen 70/100 was evaluated by investigating the binder characteristics before and after foaming. Determination of two foaming parameters, maximum expansion and half-life, was followed by measurements of penetration at 25 °C, softening point, Fraass breaking point, and dynamic viscosity at 60, 90, and 135 °C. Rheological and low-temperature tests were also performed before and after foaming bitumen 70/100. The Bending Beam Rheometer method was applied to determine the low temperature stiffness modulus. A DHR-2 rheometer was used to determine the dynamic modulus and phase angle of the tested binder. The Black and master curves before and after foaming were plotted in the 2S2P1D model and the model parameters were analysed. Analysis of the test results confirmed the effects of the foaming process on the basic, low-temperature, and rheological characteristics of the bitumen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Water-Based Foaming Process on the Basic and Rheological Properties of Bitumen 70/100

et al. 2021

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“…Adding ground or crumb waste car tires to the bituminous binder had a significant effect on the viscosity and low temperature crack resistance of the binder [34][35][36][37], improved the coating performance [38,39], resulted in permanent deformation and high temperature properties, [40] and reduced road-maintenance costs and noise [41,42]. Modifying asphalt binders with commercially purchased wax improved fluidity, rheological properties [43,44], and performance of asphalt mixes at high temperatures [47]. Moreover, it had a positive effect against short-term aging [45,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological properties of synthesised additives in hot mix asphalt

2023

JCE

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In civil engineering, pavement, which is a mixture of aggregate and bitumen, is the layer most affected by traffic loads. Thus, problems, such as cracking, rutting, fatigue, aging, and moisture damage occur in the asphalt pavement layer throughout its service life. Such problems are generally caused by the increase in the number of heavily loaded vehicles, design and construction errors, and climate and environmental conditions. Scientists and engineers are continuously working on improving the performance of asphalt pavements. Particularly, recent studies have focused on improving multiple properties of asphalt simultaneously by chemically synthesising a novel material in the laboratory. This study aims to present a review of the effects of chemically synthesised additives on the performance of asphalt binders and mixtures. The findings of this study show that these new additives had a significant effect on the rheological properties of asphalt, such as rutting, elasticity, and fatigue life, when used in appropriate proportions. This study is expected to serve as a reference and guide for future studies on the production of new synthesised additives as asphalt modifiers.

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“…Following the modification, the bitumen foaming parameters (ER, t 1/2 ) show markedly higher values compared with non-modified binders [ 17 , 18 ]. Adding F–T wax improves the standard and rheological properties of bitumen [ 19 ] and bituminous mixtures, especially in terms of deformation resistance [ 20 , 21 ]. The drawback of F–T wax addition is its crystallization at temperatures below 90 °C [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hydrated Lime on Indirect Tensile Stiffness Modulus of Asphalt Concrete Produced in Half-Warm Mix Technology

Iwański

2020

Materials

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Half-warm mix asphalt (HWMA) mixtures can be produced at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 130 °C, depending on the production methods used. The lowest mixing temperature can be achieved by using water-foamed bitumen. The mixture should be characterized by a long service life, defined by the resistance to permanent deformation and high stiffness modulus at temperatures above zero. It is therefore important to ensure the adequately high quality of the bitumen binder. Bitumen 50/70 was provided with appropriate quality foaming characteristics (expansion ratio, ER, half-life, t1/2) by adding a surface-active agent (SAA) at 0.6 wt % before foaming. Then asphalt concrete (AC) 8 S was designed and produced with the recommended water-foamed binder. Hydrated lime, an additive substantially affecting asphalt concrete mechanical parameters, was used at 0, 15, 30, and 45 wt % as a partial replacement for the limestone filler. The influence of the amount of hydrated lime on the content of voids, indirect tensile stiffness modulus at −10 °C, 0 °C, +10 °C, +20 °C, and +30 °C, and the resistance to permanent deformation was investigated. Statistical analysis of the test results showed the quantity of 30% to be the optimum hydrated lime content. The AC 8 S resistance to permanent deformation was determined at the optimum hydrated lime content. The comprehensive evaluation revealed a synergistic effect between bitumen 50/70, modified before foaming with 0.6 wt % SAA and 30 wt % hydrated lime as the limestone filler replacement, and the half warm mixture AC 8 S, in terms of the standard requirements and durability of the HWMA concrete in pavement applications.

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Resistance to Permanent Deformation of Asphalt Concrete with F-T Wax Modified Foamed Bitumen

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of the Water-Based Foaming Process on the Basic and Rheological Properties of Bitumen 70/100

Effects of the Water-Based Foaming Process on the Basic and Rheological Properties of Bitumen 70/100

Rheological properties of synthesised additives in hot mix asphalt

Effect of Hydrated Lime on Indirect Tensile Stiffness Modulus of Asphalt Concrete Produced in Half-Warm Mix Technology

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