Resistance Training in Face of the Coronavirus Outbreak: Time to Think Outside the Box

Gentil, Paulo; Ramírez‐Campillo, Rodrigo; Souza, Daniel

doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00859

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Although the highly contagious risk of the COVID-19 among people and the recommendation for physical distancing between people, the practice of resistance exercise presents a new challenge and is necessary during COVID-19 disease to improve physical and mental health and reduce the risk of contamination. Resistance exercise can be easily implemented with minimal resources and might be performed at home (61). For example, training with elastic bands, light dumbbells, and barbells could be a feasible strategy for resistance training (61).…”

Section: Resistance Exercisesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Home-based exercise can be beneficial for counteracting sedentary behavior and physical inactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic in older adults

Ghram

Briki

Mansoor

et al. 2020

Postgraduate Medicine

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Section: Resistance Exercisesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resistance exercise can be easily implemented with minimal resources and might be performed at home (61). For example, training with elastic bands, light dumbbells, and barbells could be a feasible strategy for resistance training (61).…”

Section: Resistance Exercisesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home-based exercise can be beneficial for counteracting sedentary behavior and physical inactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic in older adults

Ghram

Briki

Mansoor

et al. 2020

Postgraduate Medicine

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“…While one report suggested that women and younger ages groups may have reduced engagement in RT [20], others have reported RT as being a more common form of exercise during-the lockdown [18]. With the closure of the typical locations for engaging in RT, many have offered recommendations to adapt and continue engagement in 'muscle strengthening activity' such as RT at home, and with alternative modalities (such as bodyweight exercise or home equipment), both for the general population [21][22][23][24][25], and for sports participants [26][27][28].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) related public-health measures on training behaviours of individuals previously participating in resistance training: A cross-sectional survey study

Steele¹,

Androulakis-Korakakis²,

Carlson³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objectives: To determine how the onset of COVID-19, and the associated ‘lockdown’, affected RT behaviours, in addition to motivation, perceived effectiveness, enjoyment, and intent to continue, in those who regularly performed resistance training RT prior to the pandemic. Design: Observational, cross-sectional. Setting: Online surveys in multiple languages (English, Danish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Slovakian, Swedish, and Japanese) distributed across social media platforms and through authors professional and personal networks. Participants: Adults (n = 5389 after data cleaning; median age = 31 years [IQR = 25, 38]), who were previously engaged in RT prior to lockdown (median prior RT experience = 7 years [IQR = 4, 12]). Main outcomes: Self-reported RT behaviours including: continuation of RT during lockdown, location of RT, purchase of specific equipment for RT, method of training (e.g. alone, supervision etc.), full-body or split routine, types of training, repetition ranges, exercise number, set volumes (per exercise and muscle group), weekly frequency of training, perception of effort, whether training was planned/recorded, time of day, and training goals. Secondary outcomes included motivation, perceived effectiveness, enjoyment, and intent to continue RT. Results: A majority of individuals (82.8%) maintained participation in some form of RT during- lockdown. Marginal probabilities from generalised linear models and generalised estimating equations of engaging in certain RT behaviours were largely similar from pre- to during- lockdown (particularly numbers of exercises, sets per exercise or muscle group, and weekly frequencies). There was reduced probability of training in privately owned gyms and increased probability of training at home; greater probability of training using a full-body routine; reduced probability of resistance machines use and increased probability of free weight and bodyweight training; reduced probability of moderate repetition ranges and greater probability of higher repetition ranges; and reduction in the perception of effort experienced during- training. Further, individuals were slightly less likely to plan or record training during- lockdown and many changed their training goals as a result of lockdown. Conclusions: Those engaged in RT prior to lockdown appeared mostly able to maintain these behaviours with only slight adaptations in both the location and types of training performed. However, people employed less effort, and motivation, perceived effectiveness, enjoyment, and likelihood of continuing current training all appeared lower during- lockdown. These results have implications for strategies to maintain engagement in positive health behaviours such as RT during- restrictive pandemic-related public health measures.

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“…Although people are often advised to remain active, many factors might cause apparently unavoidable restriction to physical activity, such as hospitalization, lack of adequate space, unavailability of equipment and public measures such as social isolation and quarantine. In this regard, no load resistance training might be a possible alternative, since it can be performed with minimal space and requires no devices [ 45 ]. Even if it cannot be comparable to TRT, as has been shown for some markers of muscle activation in the present study and for gains in muscle strength in healthy young people by Counts et al [ 20 ], resistance training with no external load has been shown to promote high levels of motor unit recruitment and significant increases in muscle mass and strength.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“NO LOAD” Resistance Training Promotes High Levels of Knee Extensor Muscles Activation—A Pilot Study

et al. 2020

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The present article aims to compare electromyographic (EMG) activity of the knee extensors during traditional resistance training (TRT) and no load resistance training with or without visual feedback (NL-VF and NL-NF). Sixteen healthy men (age: 25.2 ± 3.6) volunteered to participate in the study. Participants visited the laboratory on three occasions involving: (1) a 10 repetition maximum test (10 RM test), (2) familiarization and (3) performance of knee extensions using TRT, NL-VF and NL-NF in a random order, with 10 min of rest between them. TRT involved the performance of a set to momentary muscle failure using the 10 RM load. NL-NF involved the performance of 10 repetitions with no external load, but with the intention to maximally contract the muscles during the whole set. NL-VF involved the same procedure as NL-NF, but a monitor was positioned in front of the participants to provide visual feedback on the EMG activity. Peak and mean EMG activity were evaluated on the vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL) and rectus femoris (RF). Results: there were no significant differences in VM and VL peak EMG activity among different situations. There was a significant difference for peak EMG activity for RF, where TRT resulted in higher values than NL-VF and NL-NF (p < 0.05). Higher values of mean EMG activity were found for VM, VL and RF during TRT in comparison with both NL-VF and NL-NF. Conclusions: resistance training with no external load produced high levels of peak muscle activation, independent of visual feedback, but mean activation was higher during TRT. These results suggest that training with no external load might be used as a strategy for stimulating the knee extensors when there is limited access to specialized equipment. Although the clinical applications of no load resistance training are promising, it is important to perform long-term studies to test if these acute results will reflect in muscle morphological and functional changes.

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Resistance Training in Face of the Coronavirus Outbreak: Time to Think Outside the Box

Cited by 23 publications

References 62 publications

Home-based exercise can be beneficial for counteracting sedentary behavior and physical inactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic in older adults

Home-based exercise can be beneficial for counteracting sedentary behavior and physical inactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic in older adults

The impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) related public-health measures on training behaviours of individuals previously participating in resistance training: A cross-sectional survey study

“NO LOAD” Resistance Training Promotes High Levels of Knee Extensor Muscles Activation—A Pilot Study

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