Resistance Training Intensity Prescription Methods Based on Lifting Velocity Monitoring

Abstract

Resistance training intensity is commonly quantified as the load lifted relative to an individual's maximal dynamic strength. This approach, known as percent-based training, necessitates evaluating the one-repetition maximum (1RM) for the core exercises incorporated in a resistance training program. However, a major limitation of rigid percent-based training lies in the demanding nature of directly testing the 1RM from technical, physical, and psychological perspectives. A potential solution that has gained popularity in the last two decades to facilitate the implementation of percent-based training involves the estimation of the 1RM by recording the lifting velocity against submaximal loads. This review examines the three main methods for prescribing relative loads (%1RM) based on lifting velocity monitoring: (i) velocity zones, (ii) generalized load-velocity relationships, and (iii) individualized load-velocity relationships. The article concludes by discussing a number of factors that should be considered for simplifying the testing procedures while maintaining the accuracy of individualized L-V relationships to predict the 1RM and establish the resultant individualized %1RM-velocity relationship: (i) exercise selection, (ii) type of velocity variable, (iii) regression model, (iv) number of loads, (v) location of experimental points on the load-velocity relationship, (vi) minimal velocity threshold, (vii) provision of velocity feedback, and (viii) velocity monitoring device.

Hexagonal Barbell Deadlift One-repetition Maximum Estimation Using Velocity Recordings

“…Velocity-based training (VBT) has emerged as an alternative to traditional 1RM testing [4,5]. Among the various VBT methodologies employed to prescribe relative intensity ( %1RM), the determination of the individual load-velocity (L-V) relationship is the most scientifically supported and validated approach [5].…”

“…Velocity-based training (VBT) has emerged as an alternative to traditional 1RM testing [4,5]. Among the various VBT methodologies employed to prescribe relative intensity ( %1RM), the determination of the individual load-velocity (L-V) relationship is the most scientifically supported and validated approach [5]. This approach generally involves three steps: first, recording lifting velocities against a range of submaximal loads; second, creating a linear regression where absolute load (kg) serves as the dependent variable and velocity as the independent variable; and finally, estimating the 1RM by identifying the load associated with a predetermined minimal velocity threshold (MVT).…”