Resistant Genes of Microbes Associated with Abattoir Wastes

Abstract

Antimicrobial drug resistance has become prominent as a universal health threat. This has been studied not only in humans but food animals as well. Many genes located on the chromosomal DNA of bacteria have been linked with drug resistance. It is therefore crucial that its occurrence in abattoirs where these animals are slaughtered be studied. This study was thus aimed at identifying some resistance genes in microbes isolated from abattoir ecologies. One hundred and eighty (180) samples consisting of service water, waste blood, wastewater, soil and faecal matter collected from Iwofe, Rumuodumaya and Trans-Amadi abattoirs within a period of one year were used in this study. Processing of the samples was done using standard microbiological protocols and the antibiotics sensitivity profile of the isolated bacteria determined using popularly consumed antibiotics. The presence of Beta-lactamase genes was checked for in the multidrug resistant isolates after they had been identified using molecular biological technique. Two strains of Escherichia coli had the blaCTX-M gene, Pseudomonas sp. strain 6174 had the blaSHV and blaTEM genes, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens had the blaSHV gene, Bacillus flexus had the blaTEM genes, Staphylococcus aureus had blaSHV and blaTEM genes. blaSHV, blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes were found in most of the Gram negative bacteria as Klebsiella sp. strain EIKU11 showed prominence of all three β-lactamase genes. This brings to light that some microbes in abattoir environments possess the β-lactamase genes which enable these microorganisms exhibit multidrug resistance, thereby making treatment resulting from them difficult. Adequate sanitary measures should thus be carried out to reduce the spread of these organisms to humans.

Solid waste dumpsite leachate and contiguous surface water contain antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli with a high burden of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes

“…In this study, all the isolates obtained from the leachate and receiving surface water carried bla CTX−M which mediates resistance to cefotaxime. This gene has been reported to be predominant in the Enterobacteriales and corroborated the of other studies on the high frequency of occurrence of the gene in several reservoirs [27,28,29,30].…”

Microbiological Quality and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Microorganisms Associated with Stored Vegetables in Port Harcourt

“…11 and 12). Previous studies have reported the resistance of microorganisms to commonly used antibiotics possibly due to indiscriminate use of antibiotics, alteration of drug binding or target sites as well as the transfer of resistant genes [20,13,23,24]. Similar findings on the resistance of some bacteria to Augmentin, Amoxicillin and Gentamycin have been reported earlier on the incidence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial species [25,23,26].…”

Investigation of the Multidrug Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Car and Office Door Handles in a Tertiary Institution

“…Similarly, the resistance of S. aureus to Cefuroxime was reported by Apenteng et al in their study on door handles in a health facility [23]. Resistance of bacteria from environmental sources to Cefuroxime and Augmentin has also been reported by Azuonwu and Ogbonna [23]. This calls for the need to educate the public on the danger of continually consuming antibiotics without proper diagnosis and following doctor's prescription.…”

“…The route of administration of gentamicin (parenteral) may have contributed to the reduced rate of abuse of the drug and subsequently low resistance rate unlike those administered through the oral route [22]. Similarly, the resistance of S. aureus to Cefuroxime was reported by Apenteng et al in their study on door handles in a health facility [23]. Resistance of bacteria from environmental sources to Cefuroxime and Augmentin has also been reported by Azuonwu and Ogbonna [23].…”