Resistant patterns of bacteria isolated from bloodstream infections at a university hospital in Delhi

Abstract

Background:The choice of antimicrobial therapy for bloodstream infections is often empirical and based on the knowledge of local antimicrobial activity profiles of the most common bacteria causing such infections.Aims:The present study was aimed to investigate frequency of bacterial pathogens causing septicemia and their antimicrobial resistant pattern in hospital admitted patients.Settings and Design:It was a prospective study, conducted at Majeedia Hospital, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India.Material and Methods:We examined prospectively, 168 bacterial strains isolated from 186 clinically diagnosed septicemia cases admitted at a University Hospital in New Delhi, over a period of six months from July 2009 to December 2009. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, USA) guidelines.Results:The most frequently identified Gram-positive bacteria were coagulase-negative staphylococci 63.5%, Staphylococcus aureus 23.1%, enterococci 5.8% and alpha-haemolytic streptococci 5.8%. The most frequently Gram-negative bacteria identified were Acinetobacter species 31%, Salmonella typhi 24.1%, Escherichia coli 23.3% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 13.8%. Coagulase-negative staphylococci showed maximum resistance to cefaclor 57.1% and ampicillin 46.9%. Staphylococcus aureus showed maximum resistance to amoxicillin 100% and ampicillin 91.7%. Acinetobacter species showed maximum resistance to amoxicillin 89.7%, amoxiclav 87.1% and ampicillin 85.7%. Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae showed maximum resistance to ampicillin, 46.4%, 92%, 93.8% and 100%, respectively.Conclusions:Gram-negative pathogens predominated in bloodstream infections. Resistance to most of the antimicrobial agents for a number of pathogens implicated in bloodstream infections, especially in Gram-negative bacteria, has reached worrisome levels and continues to increase.

Aerobic bacteriological profile and its antimicrobial sensitivity pattern from blood culture specimens in a tertiary care hospital.

“…Commonest gram negative bacteria isolated in our study was E.coli , Klebsiella spp and followed by Salmonella spp and non-fermenters (Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter spp) which was in concordance with other studies carried out in different parts of India [14,15] .…”

“…The gram positive organism especially Staphylococcus aureus showed 41.4% and 55.24% sensitivity to penicillin and erythromycin respectively but were 100 sensitive to Vancomycin and Linezolid similar sensitivity pattern were seen in other studies [11,14,15] . 41(22.65%) were detected as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).…”

Survey of Enteric Pathogens Causing Bacteremia in Cancer Patients

“…For example, our study also reports that bacteremia is significantly more frequent in males than in females which is consistent with another study (6). Like other studies from Iran, the most common type of cancer in our study was gastric cancer (12,13).…”

“…Many investigations have reported that among blood born infections, gram-negative bacteria are associated with more mortality than gram-positive bacteria (3,4). On the other hand, many scientists also report that the causative agents of bacteremia are changing (5,6); therefore, obtaining a better understanding of the spectrum of pathogens causing bacteremia is vital for prompt treatment.…”

Blood stream infections-prevalence in a tertiary care institute, Central India

“…2 In our study, blood culture positivity was 17.18% which is comparable to study by Gulrez In our study, the isolation rate of Gram positive organisms and Gram negative organisms was found to be (58.97%), and (30.76%), which was similar to Gohel K et al 17 (58.3%) and (40.2%) respectively. The remaining (10.25%) were fungal species.…”