Resistant starch: impact on the gut microbiome and health

DeMartino, Peter; Cockburn, Darrell

doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2019.10.008

Cited by 232 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…While species belonging to the genera Bifidobacterium and Ruminococcus are generally recognized as the only primary degraders of resistant starch [ 15 ], consumption of resistant potato starch (RPS) led to significant changes in several different genera, including those belonging to phylum Proteobacteria. Members of the gut microbiome belonging to Proteobacteria are typically considered to be undesirable, and are associated with infectious diarrhea, elevated inflammation, increased permeability of the gut wall and the production of harmful metabolites [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing levels of Parasutterella in the gut microbiome correlate with improving low-density lipoprotein levels in healthy adults consuming resistant potato starch during a randomised trial

Bush

Alfa

2020

BMC Nutr

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Background Prebiotics, defined as a substrate that is selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit, present a potential option to optimize gut microbiome health. Elucidating the relationship between specific intestinal bacteria, prebiotic intake, and the health of the host remains a primary microbiome research goal. Objective To assess the correlations between gut microbiota, serum health parameters, and prebiotic consumption in healthy adults. Methods We performed ad hoc exploratory analysis of changes in abundance of genera in the gut microbiome of 75 participants from a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial that evaluated the effects of resistant potato starch (RPS; MSPrebiotic®, N = 38) intervention versus a fully digestible placebo (N = 37) for which primary and secondary outcomes have previously been published. Pearson correlation analysis was used to identify relationships between health parameters (ie. blood glucose and lipids) and populations of gut bacteria. Results Abundance of Parasutterella (phylum Proteobacteria) tended to increase in the gut microbiome of individuals consuming RPS and those increases in Parasutterella were correlated with reductions in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in participants consuming RPS but not placebo. Segregating RPS-consuming individuals whose LDL levels decreased (ie “Responders”) from those who did not (ie. “Non-Responders”) revealed that LDL Responders had significantly higher levels of Parasutterella both at baseline and after 12 weeks of consuming RPS. Conclusion Our analyses suggest that RPS may help improve LDL levels depending upon the levels of Parasutterella in an individual’s gut microbiome. Trial registration This study protocol was reviewed and approved by Health Canada (Submission #188517; “Notice of Authorization” dated 06/05/13) and registered as NCT01977183 (10/11/13) listed on NIH website: ClinicalTrials.gov. Data generated in this study have been submitted to NCBI (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/381931). Funding MSP Starch Products Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing levels of Parasutterella in the gut microbiome correlate with improving low-density lipoprotein levels in healthy adults consuming resistant potato starch during a randomised trial

Bush

Alfa

2020

BMC Nutr

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“…Several different kinds of food ingredients are considered prebiotics, among which resistant starch (RS), insulin, fructooligosaccharides (FOS), galactooligosaccharides, and xylooligosaccharides are most frequently highlighted [ 161 ]. RS is known to exert a powerful influence on metabolic and systemic health and has been extensively studied in clinical trials and animal models for evaluating treatment potential [ 162 ]. RS2 has been shown to alter the abundance of at least some intestinal bacterial genera and species, including enrichment of Ruminococcus bromii , Bifidobacterium adolescentis , Faecalibacterium prausnitzii , and E. rectale and reductions in Oscillospira , Lachnospiraceae , and Blautia [ 163 ].…”

Section: Potential Therapeutic Strategies For Ad Targeting the Microbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota and Dysbiosis in Alzheimer’s Disease: Implications for Pathogenesis and Treatment

et al. 2020

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Understanding how gut flora influences gut-brain communications has been the subject of significant research over the past decade. The broadening of the term “microbiota-gut-brain axis” from “gut-brain axis” underscores a bidirectional communication system between the gut and the brain. The microbiota-gut-brain axis involves metabolic, endocrine, neural, and immune pathways which are crucial for the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Alterations in the composition of gut microbiota are associated with multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Although a causal relationship between gut dysbiosis and neural dysfunction remains elusive, emerging evidence indicates that gut dysbiosis may promote amyloid-beta aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Illustration of the mechanisms underlying the regulation by gut microbiota may pave the way for developing novel therapeutic strategies for AD. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of gut microbiota and their dysregulation in the pathogenesis of AD. Novel insights into the modification of gut microbiota composition as a preventive or therapeutic approach for AD are highlighted.

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“…In powder form, roots, and tubers can be used as alternate powders made of grains or wheat in food production. As opposed to grains or wheat, those crops contain high amounts of resistant starch, which can improve the digestive system ( Demartino and Cockburn, 2020 ). Moreover, the crops contain low levels of gluten ( Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 1990 ), lowering the incidence of celiac disease and harmful immune responses caused by wheat consumption ( Scherf et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of multi-product calibration models of various root and tuber powders by fourier transform near infra-red (FT-NIR) spectroscopy for the quantification of polysaccharide contents

Masithoh

Lohumi

Yoon

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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The objective of this study was to quantify the chemical content of multiple products using one single calibration model. This study involved seven tuber and root powders from arrowroot, Canna edulis , cassava, taro, as well as purple, yellow, and white sweet potato, for partial least square (PLS) regression to predict polysaccharide contents (i.e., amylose, starch, and cellulose). The developed PLS models showed acceptable results, with R c 2 of 0.9, 0.95, and 0.85 and SEC of 2.7%, 3.33%, and 3.22%, for amylose, starch, and cellulose, respectively. The models also successfully predicted polysaccharide contents with R p 2 of 0.89, 0.95, and 0.79; SEP of 2.83%, 3.33%, and 3.55%; and RPD of 3.02, 4.47, and 2.18 for amylose, starch, and cellulose, respectively. These results showed the potential of Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy to quantify the chemical composition of multiple products instead of using one individual model.

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Resistant starch: impact on the gut microbiome and health

Cited by 232 publications

References 43 publications

Increasing levels of Parasutterella in the gut microbiome correlate with improving low-density lipoprotein levels in healthy adults consuming resistant potato starch during a randomised trial

Increasing levels of Parasutterella in the gut microbiome correlate with improving low-density lipoprotein levels in healthy adults consuming resistant potato starch during a randomised trial

Gut Microbiota and Dysbiosis in Alzheimer’s Disease: Implications for Pathogenesis and Treatment

Development of multi-product calibration models of various root and tuber powders by fourier transform near infra-red (FT-NIR) spectroscopy for the quantification of polysaccharide contents

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