Resistible effects of Coulomb interaction on nucleus-vapor phase coexistence

Moretto, L.G.; Elliott, J. B.; Phair, L.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.68.061602

Cited by 16 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This detailed accounting can be easily generalized to incorporate other energy terms common in the nuclear case, such as symmetry energy, Coulomb energy and even angular momentum [1,2,10]. In order to demonstrate the power of this method, we apply it to the Ising model, where a great deal of work exists on the subject of finiteness, in particular on the dependence of critical quantities on the lattice size [11,12].…”

Section: Finite Size Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Constructing the liquid-vapor phase diagram of infinite nuclear matter

Phair¹

2013

Proceedings of 8th International Workshop on Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement — PoS(CPOD 2013)

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Section: Finite Size Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10], we explored the effects of the Coulomb interaction upon the nuclear liquid phase transition. Because large nuclei are metastable objects, phases, phase coexistence, and phase transitions cannot be defined with any generality and the analogy to liquid vapor is ill-posed for these heavy systems.…”

Section: Coulombmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing the liquid-vapor phase diagram of infinite nuclear matter

Phair¹

2013

Proceedings of 8th International Workshop on Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement — PoS(CPOD 2013)

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“…This is the reason why we are considering uncharged nuclear matter. The question is how to handle the Coulomb force which is ever present in nuclei, and extract information of the system as if it is not there [19].…”

Section: Coulomb Repulsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear matter phase diagram from compound nucleus decay

Moretto

Elliott

Lake

et al. 2012

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The finite size of nuclei and the Coulomb interaction make it difficult to describe systems interacting through the strong force into thermodynamic terms. Our task is to extract the phase diagram of the theoretical infinite symmetrical uncharged nuclear matter from experiments of nuclear collisions where the systems are neither infinite, symmetrical, nor uncharged. Decay yields from such experiments are translated into coexistence densities and pressures by use of Fisher's droplet model. This method is tested on model systems such as the Ising model and a system of particles interacting via the LennardJones potential. The specific problems inherent to nuclear reactions are considered. These include finite size effects, Coulomb repulsion, and the lack of a physical vapor in contact with a decaying system. Experimental data of compound nucleus experiments are studied within this framework, which is also shown to extend to higher energy reactions. Finally, the phase diagram of nuclear matter is extracted.

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“…For a finite liquid drop in equilibrium with its vapor, this is done by virtually transfering a cluster from the liquid drop to the vapor and evaluating the energy and entropy changes associated with both the vapor cluster and the residual liquid drop (complement). This method can be generalized to incorporate energy terms common in the nuclear case: symmetry, Coulomb (with caution [7]) and angular momentum energies.In the framework of physical cluster theories of nonideal vapors (which assume the monomer-monomer interaction is exhausted by the formation of clusters), clusters behave ideally and are independent of each other. The complement method is based upon this independence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The Complement: A Solution to Liquid Drop Finite Size Effects in Phase Transitions

et al. 2005

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The effects of the finite size of a liquid drop undergoing a phase transition are described in terms of the complement, the largest (but mesoscopic) drop representing the liquid in equilibrium with the vapor. Vapor cluster concentrations, pressure and density from fixed mean density lattice gas (Ising) calculations are explained in terms of the complement generalization of Fisher's model. Accounting for this finite size effect is important for extracting the infinite nuclear matter phase diagram from experimental data. PACS numbers:Finite size effects are essential in the study of nuclei and other mesoscopic systems for opposite, but complementary reasons. In modern cluster physics, the problem of finite size arises when attempts are made to relate known properties of the infinite system to cluster properties brought to light by experiment [1]. For nuclear physics, the problem is the opposite: finite size effects dominates the physics at all excitations and the challenge is generalize specific properties of a drop (nucleus) to a description of uncharged, symmetric infinite nuclear matter. This goal has been achieved already for cold nuclei by the liquid drop model. Finite size effects are also encountered in nuclear physics in efforts to generate a liquid-vapor phase diagram from heat capacity measurements [2] and fragment distributions [3].We present a general approach to deal with finite size effects in phase transitions and illustrate it for liquidvapor phase coexistence. A dilute, nearly ideal vapor phase is in equilibrium with a denser liquid phase; finiteness is realized when liquid phase is a finite drop. A finite drop's vapor pressure is typically calculated by including the surface energy in the molar vaporization enthalpy [4,5]. We introduce here the concept of the complement to extend and quantify finite size effects down to drops as small as atomic nuclei. We generalize Fisher's model [6], deriving an expression for cluster concentrations of a vapor in equilibrium with a finite drop and recover from it the Gibbs-Thomson formulae [8]. We demonstrate our approach with the lattice gas (Ising) model.The complement method consists of evaluating the free energy change occurring when a cluster moves from one phase to another. For a finite liquid drop in equilibrium with its vapor, this is done by virtually transfering a cluster from the liquid drop to the vapor and evaluating the energy and entropy changes associated with both the vapor cluster and the residual liquid drop (complement). This method can be generalized to incorporate energy terms common in the nuclear case: symmetry, Coulomb (with caution [7]) and angular momentum energies.In the framework of physical cluster theories of nonideal vapors (which assume the monomer-monomer interaction is exhausted by the formation of clusters), clusters behave ideally and are independent of each other. The complement method is based upon this independence. Physical cluster theories state that the concentrations of vapor clusters of A constituents n A (T ) depe...

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Resistible effects of Coulomb interaction on nucleus-vapor phase coexistence

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Constructing the liquid-vapor phase diagram of infinite nuclear matter

Constructing the liquid-vapor phase diagram of infinite nuclear matter

Nuclear matter phase diagram from compound nucleus decay

The Complement: A Solution to Liquid Drop Finite Size Effects in Phase Transitions

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