Resolution of inflammation: examples of peptidergic players and pathways

Ahmed, Talat; Kaneva, Magdalena; Pitzalis, Costantino; Cooper, Dianne; Perretti, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2014.05.020

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…It may be that chronic inflammation results from ineffective engagement of these physiological peptides including their receptors (Ahmed et al, 2014). It is worth considering that melanocortins are modulators of several pathophysiological processes that contribute to protect the host from damage caused by excessive reactions: indeed melanocortins reduce, but not abolish, local and systemic inflammatory responses, and therefore they do not impair the defence mechanisms (Catania, 2007(Catania, , 2008Catania et al, 2004Catania et al, , 2006Patel et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple beneficial effects of melanocortin MC4 receptor agonists in experimental neurodegenerative disorders: Therapeutic perspectives

Giuliani

Ottani

Neri

et al. 2017

Progress in Neurobiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple beneficial effects of melanocortin MC4 receptor agonists in experimental neurodegenerative disorders: Therapeutic perspectives

Giuliani

Ottani

Neri

et al. 2017

Progress in Neurobiology

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“…Anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines are essential for an efficient and correctly assembled inflammation. Anti-inflammatory cytokines are produced as a negative feedback to the secretion of other inflammatory mediators, thereby, avoiding an excessively harmful inflammatory response [ 47 ]. Furthermore, expression of arginase and iNOS is reciprocally influenced by Th1 and Th2 cytokines, and therefore activation of each of these cytokines may be restricted to separate subsets of myeloid-derived cells, termed alternative activation [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Immune Status and Disease Resistance Are Impaired by Arginine Dietary Supplementation

et al. 2015

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Infectious diseases and fish feeds management are probably the major expenses in the aquaculture business. Hence, it is a priority to define sustainable strategies which simultaneously avoid therapeutic procedures and reinforce fish immunity. Currently, one preferred approach is the use of immunostimulants which can be supplemented to the fish diets. Arginine is a versatile amino acid with important mechanisms closely related to the immune response. Aiming at finding out how arginine affects the innate immune status or improve disease resistance of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) against vibriosis, fish were fed two arginine-supplemented diets (1% and 2% arginine supplementation). A third diet meeting arginine requirement level for seabass served as control diet. Following 15 or 29 days of feeding, fish were sampled for blood, spleen and gut to assess cell-mediated immune parameters and immune-related gene expression. At the same time, fish from each dietary group were challenged against Vibrio anguillarum and survival was monitored. Cell-mediated immune parameters such as the extracellular superoxide and nitric oxide decreased in fish fed arginine-supplemented diets. Interleukins and immune-cell marker transcripts were down-regulated by the highest supplementation level. Disease resistance data were in accordance with a generally depressed immune status, with increased susceptibility to vibriosis in fish fed arginine supplemented diets. Altogether, these results suggest a general inhibitory effect of arginine on the immune defences and disease resistance of European seabass. Still, further research will certainly clarify arginine immunomodulation pathways thereby allowing the validation of its potential as a prophylactic strategy.

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“…However, if the local activation is strong and the release of mediators (such as eicosanoids and cytokines) is abundant, distant leukocytes and cells are recruited, thus amplifying the response at systemic level. The necrosis of damaged tissues, such as in hypoxic tumours, contributes to the IRR amplification further activating resident leukocytes and recruiting the peripheral ones [37,38].…”

Section: Irr Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

One Special Question to Start with: Can HIF/NFkB be a Target in Inflammation?

Russo

Sansone²,

Carnevale³

et al. 2015

EMIDDT

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Hypoxia and Inflammation are strictly interconnected with important consequences at clinical and therapeutic level. While cell and tissue damage due to acute hypoxia mostly leads to cell necrosis, in chronic hypoxia, cells that are located closer to vessels are able to survive adapting their phenotype through the expression of a number of genes, including proinflammatory receptors for alarmins. These receptors are activated by alarmins released by necrotic cells and generate signals for master transcription factors such as NFkB, AP1, etc. which control hundreds of genes for innate immunity and damage repair. Clinical consequences of chronic inflammatory reparative response activation include cell and tissue remodeling, damage in the primary site and, the systemic involvement of distant organs and tissues. Thus every time a tissue environment becomes stably hypoxic, inflammation can be activated followed by chronic damage and cell death or repair with vessel proliferation and fibrosis. This pathway can occur in cancer, myocardial infarction and stroke, diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, chronic and autoimmune diseases and age-related diseases. Interestingly, proinflammatory gene expression can be observed earlier in hypoxic tissue cells and, in addition, in activated resident or recruited leukocytes. Herewith, the reciprocal relationships between hypoxia and inflammation will be shortly reviewed to underline the possible therapeutic targets to control hypoxia-related inflammation in a number of epidemiologically important human diseases and conditions.

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Resolution of inflammation: examples of peptidergic players and pathways

Cited by 9 publications

References 44 publications

Multiple beneficial effects of melanocortin MC4 receptor agonists in experimental neurodegenerative disorders: Therapeutic perspectives

Multiple beneficial effects of melanocortin MC4 receptor agonists in experimental neurodegenerative disorders: Therapeutic perspectives

European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Immune Status and Disease Resistance Are Impaired by Arginine Dietary Supplementation

One Special Question to Start with: Can HIF/NFkB be a Target in Inflammation?

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