Resonance Frequency Analysis of One‐ Stage Dental Implant Stability During the Osseointegration Period

Abstract

Results of this study support the need for a clinical tool to evaluate dental implant stability prior to loading, especially for implants placed in the maxilla. It appears that implant stability is weakest at 3 to 6 weeks in one-stage non-loaded dental implants. ISQ readings can be used to determine different healing phases and the stability of dental implants. However, it is difficult to define a general standardized range of ISQ readings for successful implant integration for various implant systems. Thus, RFA values/ISQ levels should be calibrated for each implant system separately. Further studies are needed to compare the early changes seen in immediately loaded dental implants and to determine whether there is any time in which the total recovery in ISQ levels may occur.

Assessment of the primary stability of root analog zirconia implants designed using cone beam computed tomography software by means of the Periotest® device: An ex vivo study. A preliminary report

“…8 The primary stability of RAZI designed using CBCT scan and CAD/CAM technologies can be measured by a variety of techniques, including: cutting resistance analysis (CRA), reverse torque test (RTT), resonance frequency analysis (RFA), impact hammer method. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] In the cutting resistance analysis (CRA) a torque gauge incorporated within the drilling unit is used to determine the implant insertion torque and to measure bone quality in various parts of a jaw. 13 The energy required for a current-fed electric motor to cut the bone during implant surgery is measured.…”

“…16 However, it is tricky to characterize a general standardized range of ISQ readings for a successful implant osseointegration for different implant systems. 19 The reverse torque test (RTT) was first proposed by Roberts et al and measures the crucial torque threshold, where bone-implant contact (BIC) was destroyed. 20 Nevertheless, this technique has been criticized as being destructive and it provides only information as to "all or none" outcome (osseointegrated or failed); thus, it cannot quantify the degree of osseointegration.…”

A resonance frequency analysis of sandblasted and acid-etched implants with different diameters: a prospective clinical study during the initial healing period

“…However, considerable debate still exists about the optimal surface treatment method based on mechanisms of osseointegration [24,25]. The primary objective of this study was to monitor the stability of SLA implants with different diameters during the early phases of healing by RFA.…”

Resonance frequency analysis by the Osstell system, using the transducer screwed to different healings abutments

“…Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) represents a widely used technique for an objective assessment of implant stability at any stage of treatment or follow-up, due to its high reliability and reproducibility. [3][4][5][6][7][8] This technique has been demonstrated to evaluate implant stability as a function of interface stiffness. 9 RFA is assessed by the instrument Osstell (Osstell AB, Göteborg, Sweden.).…”