Resonance Raman spectroscopy and imaging of push–pull conjugated polymer–fullerene blends

Martin, Eric; Bérubé, Nicolas; Provencher, Françoise; Côté, Michel; Silva, Carlos; Doorn, Stephen K.; Grey, John K.

doi:10.1039/c5tc00847f

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…PCPDTBT conjugated polymer, comprising two units “CPDT” (electron-donating unit) and “BT” (electron-accepting unit), has shown strong polymer/fullerene interactions suggesting effective photoinduced charge transfer [20, 34]. Since the donating unit predominantly consists of C-H group, hence, from the Raman spectra, it can be seen that all the phonon modes of the Raman shift observed at about 2700 cm −1 correspond to C-H stretching and bending.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peak corresponding to C-C=O deformation absorbs energy at about 535 cm −1 for 4000 rpm and is shifted 6 cm −1 when compared with that of 200 rpm (~526 cm −1 ). The phonon mode of C-C stretch confirming cyclopentane in-plane stretching takes place at 1535 cm −1 which corresponds to the BT of the donor unit [34]. Again, a shift of 6 cm −1 is observed for the C-C stretch of CPDT at 1429 cm −1 when the lowest and highest infiltration speeds are compared.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determining the Effect of Centrifugal Force on the Desired Growth and Properties of PCPDTBT as p-Type Nanowires

et al. 2017

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In this study, low-bandgap polymer poly{[4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-cyclopenta-(2,1-b;3,4-b′)dithiophen]-2,6-diyl-alt-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)−4,7-diyl} (PCPDTBT) nanostructures have been synthesized via a hard nanoporous alumina template of centrifugal process. Centrifuge has been used to infiltrate the PCPDTBT solution into the nanoporous alumina by varying the rotational speeds. The rotational speed of centrifuge is directly proportional to the infiltration force that penetrates into the nanochannels of the template. By varying the rotational speed of centrifuge, different types of PCPDTBT nanostructures are procured. Infiltration force created during the centrifugal process has been found a dominant factor in tuning the morphological, optical, and structural properties of PCPDTBT nanostructures. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images proved the formation of nanotubes and nanowires. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDX) analysis showed that the nanostructures were composed of PCPDTBT with complete dissolution of the template.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Effect of Centrifugal Force on the Desired Growth and Properties of PCPDTBT as p-Type Nanowires

et al. 2017

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“…24,41,45 Since we have estimated the solid-state Raman cross-section of PCPDTBT using a pure graded film, the trend observed for the Raman intensity may not extrapolate perfectly well to the case of a blended film if its morphology or local density has changed significantly. At the same time, we expect variations of the optical constants to occur 23 which can explain the mismatch in the composition estimated at different excitation wavelengths. The optical constants are affected by the fullerene loading, the casting conditions (see Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Raman spectroscopy also offers a series of unique advantages such as non-invasiveness and sensitivity to chemical environments. [17][18][19][20][21][22] These features make Raman spectroscopy a valuable technique to gain insights regarding structure-performance relationships in organic thin films 23 and to quantify the relative content of individual components according to their Raman fingerprint. 24 Most studies regarding Raman measurements in p-conjugated thin films restrict themselves, with a few exceptions, 21 to a qualitative analysis of the results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying local thickness and composition in thin films of organic photovoltaic blends by Raman scattering

et al. 2017

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We report a methodology based on Raman spectroscopy that enables the non-invasive and fast quantitative determination of local thickness and composition in thin films (from a few monolayers to hundreds of nm) of one or more components. We apply our methodology to blends of organic conjugated materials relevant in the field of organic photovoltaics. As a first step, we exploit the transfer-matrix formalism to describe the Raman process in thin films including reabsorption and interference effects of the incoming and scattered electric fields. This allows determining the effective solid-state Raman cross-section of each material by studying the dependence of the Raman intensity on film thickness. These effective cross sections are then used to estimate the local thickness and composition in a series of polymer:fullerene blends. We find that the model is accurate within ±10 nm in thickness and ±5 vol% in composition provided that (i) the film thickness is kept below the thickness corresponding to the first maximum of the calculated Raman intensity oscillation; (ii) the materials making up the blend show close enough effective Raman cross-sections; and (iii) the degree of order attained by the conjugated polymer in the blend is similar to that achieved when cast alone. Our methodology opens the possibility of making quantitative maps of composition and thickness over large areas (from microns to centimetres squared) with diffraction-limited resolution and in any multi-component system based thin film technology

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“…[9,10] Therefore, simple to achieve chemical functionali zation of graphene, such as the one afforded by CPEPyrBIm 4 remains an attractive method for controllable doping of large area CVDgrown graphene. [18] A change of the D mode intensity is not observed, which implies the absence of chemical bonding between the layers and argues in favor of physisorption. The Raman bands at 1355, 1591, and 2702 cm −1 correspond to the D, G, and 2D modes of graphene, respectively.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/aelm201600515mentioning

confidence: 91%

Conjugated Polyelectrolyte/Graphene Hetero‐Bilayer Nanocomposites Exhibit Temperature Switchable Type of Conductivity

Брус

Gluba

Mai

et al. 2017

Adv Elect Materials

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The majority of charge carriers in conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE)‐PyrBIm4/graphene hetero‐bilayers can be dynamically changed from electrons to holes, and vice versa, within a temperature range of 60 °C. Doping mechanisms under consideration include charge transfer from structural units in the CPE‐PyrBIm4 backbone and/or field‐effect doping from adjacent ionic functionalities. A new concept of the graphene/CPE/Au thermobarristor is proposed and practically realized.

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Resonance Raman spectroscopy and imaging of push–pull conjugated polymer–fullerene blends

Abstract: Resonance Raman spectroscopy reveals conformation and morphology dependent electronic localization in push–pull donor–acceptor co-polymers.

Cited by 24 publications

References 38 publications

Determining the Effect of Centrifugal Force on the Desired Growth and Properties of PCPDTBT as p-Type Nanowires

Determining the Effect of Centrifugal Force on the Desired Growth and Properties of PCPDTBT as p-Type Nanowires

Quantifying local thickness and composition in thin films of organic photovoltaic blends by Raman scattering

Conjugated Polyelectrolyte/Graphene Hetero‐Bilayer Nanocomposites Exhibit Temperature Switchable Type of Conductivity

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